DETERMINATION OF MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES FROM ANOMALOUS DIFFRACTION OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
DETERMINATION OF MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES FROM ANOMALOUS DIFFRACTION OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1925561
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发表时间：
1991-10-04
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
HENDRICKSON, WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HENDRICKSON, WA
X射线波束与束缚原子轨道的电子跃迁之间的共振导致了一种称为反常散射的现象。通过在与特定共振跃迁相关的选定波长处进行衍射测量，可以在生物大分子的X射线晶体学研究中利用这种效应。通过这种方式，确定数千个原子的三维结构的问题被简化为最初求解几个异常散射中心的问题，然后这些中心可以用作开发整个结构的参考。这种多波长反常衍射的方法现已应用于许多结构测定中。最佳的实验需要适当的同步加速器仪器，仔细的实验设计，和复杂的分析程序。未来的应用机会非常丰富。
Resonance between beams of x-ray waves and electronic transitions from bound atomic orbitals leads to a phenomenon known as anomalous scattering. This effect can be exploited in x-ray crystallographic studies on biological macromolecules by making diffraction measurements at selected wavelengths associated with a particular resonant transition. In this manner the problem of determining the three-dimensional structure of thousands of atoms is reduced to that of initially solving for a few anomalous scattering centers that can then be used as a reference for developing the entire structure. This method of multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction has now been applied in a number of structure determinations. Optimal experiments require appropriate synchrotron instrumentation, careful experimental design, and sophisticated analytical procedures. There are rich opportunities for future applications.