Selected bioavailability assays to test the efficacy of amendment-induced immobilization of lead in soils
Selected bioavailability assays to test the efficacy of amendment-induced immobilization of lead in soils
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1022534524063
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发表时间：
2003-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Vangronsveld, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geebelen, W;Adriano, DC;Vangronsveld, J
用石灰（CaCO 3）、旋风灰和钢丸混合物（CA+ ST）和北卡罗来纳州磷矿粉研究了10种不同来源铅污染土壤中铅的固定化。三个修正案的固定效果进行了评估，使用单一的（氯化钙（2）溶液）和顺序（BCR方法）的化学提取串联与微生物铅生物传感器（BIOMET），铅植物毒性试验，铅植物吸收，和生理为基础的提取试验（PBET）模仿铅在人体胃肠道的生物利用度。结果表明，在原位金属固定进行评估时，使用不同的生物利用度方法的必要性。序贯（BCR）提取和PBET分析表明，PR是最有效的修正。然而，PR被证明是无效的，在完全防止铅的植物毒性和铅的吸收在所有测试的土壤。相反，CA+ ST和石灰降低BIOMET Pb，Pb植物毒性和Pb吸收的程度远远大于PR。BIOMET可检测的Pb和Pb吸收，然而，与可溶性或交换性土壤组分中的Pb密切相关（即，CaCl2可提取物）。通过结合这些馏分与酸可提取的铅，通过使用乙酸萃取剂完成，最近开发的BCR顺序提取方案似乎失去了一些有价值的信息，判断铅的生物有效性。数据表明，不同的修正案不表现出一致的不同土壤与不同的污染源。不同的指标来衡量铅的生物利用度也不一定是一致的特定土壤和修正案的组合。
Lead immobilization in 10 soils contaminated with Pb from different origin was examined using lime (CaCO3), a mix of cyclonic ash and steelshots (CA+ ST), and a North Carolina phosphate rock. The immobilization efficacy of the three amendments was evaluated using single (CaCl(2)solution) and sequential (BCR method) chemical extractions in tandem with a microbiological Pb biosensor (BIOMET), a Pb phytotoxicity test, Pb plant uptake, and a Physiologically Based Extraction Test (PBET) mimicking Pb bioavailability in the human gastro-intestinal tract. The results demonstrated the necessity of using a diverse suite of bioavailability methodology when in situ metal immobilization is assessed. Sequential (BCR) extractions and PBET analysis indicated that PR was the most effective amendment. PR however, proved ineffective in totally preventing Pb phytotoxicity and Pb uptake on all soils tested. On the contrary, CA+ ST and lime decreased BIOMET Pb, Pb phytotoxicity, and Pb uptake to a far greater extent than did PR. BIOMET detectable Pb and Pb uptake, however, were strongly related to Pb in soluble or exchangeable soil fractions (i.e., CaCl2 extractable). By combining these fractions with the acid-extractable Pb, accomplished by using acetic acid extractant, the recently developed BCR sequential extraction scheme appeared to have lost some valuable information on judging Pb bioavailability. The data show that different amendments do not behave consistently across different soils with different sources of contamination. Different indices for measuring Pb bioavailability are also not necessarily consistent within particular soil and amendment combinations.