Evolution of the influenza A virus untranslated regions
Evolution of the influenza A virus untranslated regions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.meegid.2011.04.006
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Oshitani, Hitoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Furuse, Yuki;Oshitani, Hitoshi
在流感病毒的情况下，非翻译区被认为具有多种功能。特异性包装模型表明，八个片段中的每一个都含有独特的“包装信号”，位于基因组RNA的5'和3'末端的非翻译区和编码区内。除了包装信号外，UTR在多聚腺苷酸化和基因组复制信号中发挥关键作用。本研究报道了流感病毒非翻译区的进化特征，分析了人类甲型H3 N2流感病毒的574个序列。非翻译区的序列是高度保守的。通过对非翻译区的分析，我们发现：（1）非翻译区的分化程度极低，（2）非翻译区的进化速度与其编码的蛋白质无关，（3）非翻译区的进化速度小于开放阅读框架，揭示了非翻译区的进化特征。这是首次从进化分子生物学的角度对流感病毒的非编码区进行研究。在未来，阐明包装的详细机制以及非翻译区RNA序列的功能将增加对病毒生命周期和进化的理解。(C)2011 Elsevier BY. All rights reserved.
In case of the influenza virus, untranslated regions are considered to possess plural functions. The specific packaging model suggests that each of eight segments contains a unique "packaging signal", situated within the untranslated region and coding regions at the 5' and 3' ends of the genomic RNA. In addition to packaging signal, UTRs play key roles in polyadenylation and signals for genomic replication. In the present study, we report the evolutionary characteristics of untranslated regions of influenza virus.We analyzed 574 sequences of the human influenza A (H3N2) virus. The sequence of the untranslated region is highly conserved. Our analysis produced several observations regarding the untranslated region: (1) it has an extremely low divergence; (2) its evolutionary speed is not associated with the protein(s) it encodes; (3) its evolutionary rate is smaller than that of the open reading frame.We revealed the evolutionary characteristics of the untranslated region; this is the first study on the non-coding region of the influenza virus from the perspective of evolutionary molecular biology. In the future, clarifying the detailed mechanisms of packaging as well as the function of the RNA sequence in the untranslated region will increase the understanding of viral life cycles and evolution. (C) 2011 Elsevier BY. All rights reserved.