Theta oscillations in primate prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices in forewarned reaction time tasks.
Theta oscillations in primate prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices in forewarned reaction time tasks.
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00358.2009
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
T. Tsujimoto;H. Shimazu;Y. Isomura;K. Sasaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Tsujimoto;H. Shimazu;Y. Isomura;K. Sasaki
在此之前，我们引入了一个猴子模型，将人类额叶中线θ振荡作为一种可能的注意力神经关联。它是基于在猴子的前额叶和前扣带皮层（9区和32区）中发现的同源θ振荡。然而，猴子模型中的θ波活动是否会持续出现在其他需要注意的情况下，还没有得到证实。在这里，我们研究了在警告（S1）和命令（S2）刺激下的四种不同的预警反应时间任务中的θ波振荡的详细特性。结果表明：1)在S1-S2阶段，当运动准备和奖赏期望参与时，θ波功率比s1前阶段高；2)在S1指示下的下围棋/下围棋任务中，非对称奖励条件下S1- s2时段的θ波功率低于S1前时段，而对称条件下的θ波功率略高；3)奖励后的θ波功率高于未奖励组；4)前s1时段的θ波功率高于静息状态；5)当猴子在没有看到S2的情况下自行猜测S1-S2持续时间时，前s1期的θ波功率比原始S1-S2实验高。这些发现表明，与不同原因相关的注意负荷可以诱导相同的θ活动，从而支持我们模型中注意依赖的θ振荡的一致性。
Previously, we introduced a monkey model for human frontal midline theta oscillations as a possible neural correlate of attention. It was based on homologous theta oscillations found in the monkey's prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices (areas 9 and 32) in a self-initiated hand-movement task. However, it has not been confirmed whether theta activity in the monkey model consistently appears in other situations demanding attention. Here, we examined the detailed properties of theta oscillations in four variations of forewarned reaction time tasks with warning (S1) and imperative (S2) stimuli. We characterized the theta oscillations generated exclusively in areas 9 and 32, as follows: 1) in the S1-S2 interval where movement preparation and reward expectation were presumably involved, the theta power was higher than in the pre-S1 period; 2) in the no-go trials of go/no-go tasks instructed by S1, the theta power in the S1-S2 interval was lower than in the pre-S1 period in an asymmetrical reward condition, whereas it was moderately higher in a symmetrical condition; 3) the theta power after reward delivery was higher than in the unrewarded trials; 4) the theta power in the pre-S1 period was higher than in the resting condition; and 5) when the monkey had to guess the S1-S2 duration internally without seeing S2, the theta power in the pre-S1 period was higher than in the original S1-S2 experiment. These findings suggest that attentional loads associated with different causes can induce the same theta activity, thereby supporting the consistency of attention-dependent theta oscillations in our model.