Spatiotemporal Properties of Sub‐Rayleigh and Supershear Ruptures Inferred From Full‐Field Dynamic Imaging of Laboratory Experiments

Spatiotemporal Properties of Sub‐Rayleigh and Supershear Ruptures Inferred From Full‐Field Dynamic Imaging of Laboratory Experiments
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从实验室实验的全场动态成像推断亚瑞利和超剪切断裂的时空特性

DOI:
10.1029/2019jb018922
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lapusta, N.
Lapusta, N.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rubino, V.;Rosakis, A. J.;Lapusta, N.

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许多地震以低于瑞利的速度传播。以超剪切速度传播的地震虽然不太常见,但到目前为止破坏性要大得多。因此,量化与这两种类型的地震破裂相关的运动特征是很重要的。在这里,我们报告了在我们的实验室实验中使用动态数字图像相关技术测量的动态破裂的时空特性。地震是由沿着两个Homalite板块交界处传播的摩擦破裂来模拟的。用超高速相机捕捉不断扩展的破裂的数字图像,并进行数字图像相关处理,以产生演变的位移和速度图序列。我们的测量揭示了速度分量的全场结构,弥合了以前仅在两到三个位置提供的空间稀疏速度计测量之间的差距,并使我们能够量化远离界面的衰减模式。
Many earthquakes propagate at sub‐Rayleigh speeds. Earthquakes propagating at supershear speeds, though less common, are by far more destructive. Hence, it is important to quantify the motion characteristics associated with both types of earthquake ruptures. Here we report on the spatiotemporal properties of dynamic ruptures measured in our laboratory experiments using the dynamic digital image correlation technique. Earthquakes are mimicked by the frictional rupture propagating along the interface of two Homalite plates. Digital images of the propagating ruptures are captured by an ultrahigh‐speed camera and processed with digital image correlation in order to produce sequences of evolving displacement and velocity maps. Our measurements reveal the full‐field structure of the velocity components, bridge the gap between previous spatially sparse velocimeter measurements available only at two to three locations, and enable us to quantify the attenuation patterns away from the interface.
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发表时间: 2018-11-12
影响因子: 16.6
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