Malaria epidemiology, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and human settlement in the Vanuatu Archipelago
Malaria epidemiology, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and human settlement in the Vanuatu Archipelago
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-706x(98)00035-7
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发表时间：
1998-07-30
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Björkman, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaneko, A;Taleo, G;Björkman, A
瓦努阿图位于从东南亚延伸到美拉尼西亚东部的疟疾带的东南边缘。我们分析了瓦努阿图不同岛屿的疟疾情况，利用1985年至1992年期间的被动病例发现和疟疾测量数据，即在滴滴涕残留方案停止之后和在更大规模的浸泡蚊帐方案开始之前。疟疾以次中流行为主，但在某些年份和一些岛屿上有高度流行的斑点。通常情况下，北部岛屿的传播比南部更强烈。在20世纪80年代末，每年每1人和人口中的寄生虫发病率约为180。总寄生率为11.9%，其中恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫分别为5.2、6.7。和0.1%。间日疟原虫发病率呈季节性波动，而间日疟原虫发病率相对稳定。间日疟仅限于10岁以下的儿童，而北部岛屿的疟疾比南部岛屿严重。在20世纪80年代末，每年每千人的寄生虫发病率约为180。总寄生率为11.9%，其中恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和疟疾的感染率分别为5.2%、6.7%和0.1%。恶性疟发病率有季节性波动，而间日疟发病率随年龄变化不大。男性葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏率平均为7.4%，但不同岛屿的G6PD缺乏率差异较大，为0~14.3%。不同岛屿的疟疾发病率与G6PD缺乏率呈正相关。合理的假设是，疟疾是在4000年前第一个人类聚居地传入岛屿的，其地理分布与目前的情况相似。不同的疟疾地方病可能在许多世代中选择了不同的G6PD缺乏症的流行。(C)1998 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
Vanuatu is located at the southeast margin of the malarious band extending from southeast Asia to eastern Melanesia. We analysed the malaria situation on different islands of Vanuatu, using passive case detection and malariometric survey data from 1985 to 1992, i.e. after the DDT residual programme ceased and before the impregnated bed-nets programme started on a larger scale. Malaria was mainly hypo-mesoendemic but with hyperendemic spots in certain years and on some islands. The transmission was generally more intense in the northern islands than in the south. In the late 1980s, annual parasite incidence per one thounsand population (API) was around 180. The overall parasite rate was 11.9% with Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae rate of 5.2, 6.7. and 0.1%, respectively. There was a seasonal fluctuation of P. Jalciparum incidence, whereas the P. vivax incidence was rather stable. Vivax malaria was confined to children less than 10 years old, while the intense in the northern islands than in the south. In the late 1980s, annual parasite incidence per one thousand population (API) was around 180. The overall parasite rate was 11.9% with Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae rate of 5.2, 6.7, and 0.1%, respectively. There was a seasonal fluctuation of P, falciparum incidence, whereas the P. vivax incidenceprevalence of P. falciparum only changed moderately with age. The mean rate of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency among male subjects was in 7.4% but with a wide variation of 0-14.3% on different islands. A positive rank-order correlation was found between malaria incidence and G6PD deficiency rate on the different islands, A reasonable hypothesis is that malaria was introduced to the islands with the first human settlement 4000 years ago, with a geographical malaria distribution similar to the present situation. Different malaria endemicities possibly then selected different prevalences of G6PD deficiency over many generations. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.