A Survey of the Gene Repertoire of Gigaspora rosea Unravels Conserved Features among Glomeromycota for Obligate Biotrophy.
A Survey of the Gene Repertoire of Gigaspora rosea Unravels Conserved Features among Glomeromycota for Obligate Biotrophy.
复制标题
对玫瑰大孢子菌基因库的调查揭示了球囊菌门专性生物营养的保守特征
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00233
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Roux C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang N;San Clemente H;Roy S;Bécard G;Zhao B;Roux C
丛枝菌根 (AM) 真菌是土壤真菌（球菌门）的一个多样化群体，它们与大多数陆地植物形成最古老的互利共生关系，称为 AM 共生，提高它们的营养吸收和抗逆性。与它们巨大的生态影响相反，对所涉及的分子生物学机制的了解仍然很少，部分原因是可用的基因组资源有限。在这里，我们描述了一种新的 AM 真菌 Gigaspora Rosea (Diversisporales) 的基因库。在组装的 86332 个非冗余虚拟转录本中，15346 个与 Refseq 数据库中的蛋白质具有相似性，10175 个被分配了 GO 术语。 KOG 和 Interpro 结构域注释清楚地显示了玫瑰花中参与信号转导的基因的富集。 KEGG 通路分析表明，玫瑰花中大多数初级代谢过程都很活跃。然而，对于不规则根噬菌，没有发现一些代谢基因，包括脂肪酸合酶（FAS）基因。这一发现支持了 AM 真菌依赖于其宿主产生的脂质的假设。此外，大量转运蛋白和数百种分泌蛋白的存在，以及植物细胞壁降解酶数量的减少，可以解释为对其互惠专性生物营养的进化适应。减数分裂相关基因的检测表明，玫瑰花可能使用一种神秘的有性过程。最后，基础真菌的系统发育清楚地表明，球囊菌门是毛霉亚门的姐妹进化枝，而不仅仅是毛霉目或被孢霉目。对属于 Diversisporales 目的 AM 真菌物种的基因库进行表征，并将其与 R.不规则菌（Glomerales）和 Gigaspora margarita（Diversisporales）的基因集进行比较，揭示了 AM 真菌具有与互利专性生物营养相关的几个特征。这项工作有助于为今后对多样性孢菌目基因组学的研究奠定基础，并且还阐明了比较来自多样性孢菌目和球囊菌门其他分支的物种的基因库的效用，以更深入地了解该真菌类群的遗传学和进化。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a diverse group of soil fungi (Glomeromycota) that form the most ancient mutualistic association termed AM symbiosis with a majority of land plants, improving their nutrition uptake and resistance to stresses. In contrast to their great ecological implications, the knowledge of the molecular biological mechanisms involved is still scant, partly due to the limited genomic resources available. Here, we describe the gene repertoire of a new AM fungus Gigaspora rosea (Diversisporales). Among the 86332 non-redundant virtual transcripts assembled, 15346 presented similarities with proteins in the Refseq database and 10175 were assigned with GO terms. KOG and Interpro domain annotations clearly showed an enrichment of genes involved in signal transduction in G. rosea. KEGG pathway analysis indicates that most primary metabolic processes are active in G. rosea. However, as for Rhizophagus irregularis, several metabolic genes were not found, including the fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene. This finding supports the hypothesis that AM fungi depend on the lipids produced by their hosts. Furthermore, the presence of a large number of transporters and 100s of secreted proteins, together with the reduced number of plant cell wall degrading enzymes could be interpreted as an evolutionary adaptation to its mutualistic obligate biotrophy. The detection of meiosis-related genes suggests that G. rosea might use a cryptic sexual process. Lastly, a phylogeny of basal fungi clearly shows Glomeromycota as a sister clade to Mucoromycotina, not only to the Mucorales or Mortierellales. The characterization of the gene repertoire from an AM fungal species belonging to the order of Diversisporales and its comparison with the gene sets of R. irregularis (Glomerales) and Gigaspora margarita (Diversisporales), reveal that AM fungi share several features linked to mutualistic obligate biotrophy. This work contributes to lay the foundation for forthcoming studies into the genomics of Diversisporales, and also illuminates the utility of comparing gene repertoires of species from Diversisporales and other clades of Glomeromycota to gain more insights into the genetics and evolution of this fungal group.