Impacts of warming on phytoplankton abundance and phenology in a typical tropical marine ecosystem.

Impacts of warming on phytoplankton abundance and phenology in a typical tropical marine ecosystem.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-018-20560-5
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发表时间:
2018-02-02
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Hoteit I
Hoteit I
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gittings JA;Raitsos DE;Krokos G;Hoteit I

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在热带地区,热分层(在温暖的条件下)可能会导致营养层以上的混合层变浅,减少营养物质转移到表面发光层,最终限制浮游植物的生长。利用遥感观测和模拟数据集,我们研究这种联系在北方红海(NRS)-一个典型的热带海洋生态系统。我们评估了浮游植物生物量和物候指数(水华开始、持续和终止的时间)与区域变暖的年际变化(1998-2015年)。我们表明,在NRS温暖的条件下,大大减弱冬季浮游植物水华,启动较晚,终止较早,并在其整体持续时间较短(~ 4周)。这些变化与大气强迫(海气热通量)和垂直分层(混合层深度[MLD])的强度直接相关。海表温度(SST)的年际变化被认为是浮游植物丰度的一个很好的指标,但似乎是不太重要的预测水华的时间。这些发现表明,未来气候变暖的情景可能对热带海洋生态系统中的浮游植物生长产生双重影响:1)浮游植物丰度减少,2)季节性浮游植物水华发生时间的改变。
In the tropics, thermal stratification (during warm conditions) may contribute to a shallowing of the mixed layer above the nutricline and a reduction in the transfer of nutrients to the surface lit-layer, ultimately limiting phytoplankton growth. Using remotely sensed observations and modelled datasets, we study such linkages in the northern Red Sea (NRS) - a typical tropical marine ecosystem. We assess the interannual variability (1998–2015) of both phytoplankton biomass and phenological indices (timing of bloom initiation, duration and termination) in relation to regional warming. We demonstrate that warmer conditions in the NRS are associated with substantially weaker winter phytoplankton blooms, which initiate later, terminate earlier and are shorter in their overall duration (~ 4 weeks). These alterations are directly linked with the strength of atmospheric forcing (air-sea heat fluxes) and vertical stratification (mixed layer depth [MLD]). The interannual variability of sea surface temperature (SST) is found to be a good indicator of phytoplankton abundance, but appears to be less important for predicting bloom timing. These findings suggest that future climate warming scenarios may have a two-fold impact on phytoplankton growth in tropical marine ecosystems: 1) a reduction in phytoplankton abundance and 2) alterations in the timing of seasonal phytoplankton blooms.
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