The Simons Observatory: instrument overview

The Simons Observatory: instrument overview
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西蒙斯天文台:仪器概述

DOI:
10.1117/12.2312985
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kusaka A
Kusaka A
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kusaka A

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西蒙斯天文台 (SO) 将使用一系列望远镜对宇宙微波背景 (CMB) 进行精确的温度和偏振测量,这些望远镜的角度范围为 1 角分到数十度,包含超过 40,000 个探测器,采样频率为 27 至 270 GHz。 SO 将由一个与 20,000 多个探测器耦合的六米孔径望远镜以及与另外 20,000 多个探测器耦合的半米孔径折射相机阵列组成。位于阿塔卡马沙漠海拔 5190 m 的单个 CMB 天文台独特地结合了大孔径和小孔径,这将使我们能够在一个共同的勘测区域对各种角度尺度进行采样。 SO 将测量宇宙的基本宇宙学参数,通过 Sunyaev-Zeldovich 效应找到高红移星团,约束中微子的特性,并通过引力透镜寻找暗物质的特征。该实验的复杂技术和科学要求催生了我们将讨论的创新仪器解决方案。大口径望远镜将与直径 2.4 m、长超过 2 m 的低温接收器耦合,带来许多有趣的技术挑战。与此同时,我们正在设计一系列半米孔径低温相机,这些相机也面临着严峻的设计挑战。我们将概述 SO 望远镜和容纳冷光学元件和探测器阵列的低温相机的驱动器和设计。
The Simons Observatory (SO) will make precision temperature and polarization measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using a series of telescopes which will cover angular scales between 1 arcminute and tens of degrees, contain over 40,000 detectors, and sample frequencies between 27 and 270 GHz. SO will consist of a six-meter-aperture telescope coupled to over 20,000 detectors along with an array of half-meter aperture refractive cameras, coupled to an additional 20,000+ detectors. The unique combination of large and small apertures in a single CMB observatory, which will be located in the Atacama Desert at an altitude of 5190 m, will allow us to sample a wide range of angular scales over a common survey area. SO will measure fundamental cosmological parameters of our universe, find high redshift clusters via the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, constrain properties of neutrinos, and seek signatures of dark matter through gravitational lensing. The complex set of technical and science requirements for this experiment has led to innovative instrumentation solutions which we will discuss. The large aperture telescope will couple to a cryogenic receiver that is 2.4 m in diameter and over 2 m long, creating a number of interesting technical challenges. Concurrently, we are designing an array of half-meter-aperture cryogenic cameras which also have compelling design challenges. We will give an overview of the drivers for and designs of the SO telescopes and the cryogenic cameras that will house the cold optical components and detector arrays.
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