Genetic substructuring as a result of barriers to gene flow in urban Rana temporaria (common frog) populations: implications for biodiversity conservation
Genetic substructuring as a result of barriers to gene flow in urban Rana temporaria (common frog) populations: implications for biodiversity conservation
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DOI：
10.1038/hdy.1997.134
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发表时间：
1997-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Beebee, TJC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hitchings, SP;Beebee, TJC
在准自然环境中维持少量种群的能力是生物多样性保护中相当重要的问题。通过等位酶电泳确定了城市青蛙（Rana temporaria）种群的遗传结构，并用于评估限制性位点间迁移的影响。尽管池塘之间缺乏任何绝对的移动障碍，但在平均仅 2.3 公里的地点之间发现了显着的遗传差异。这些城镇池塘之间的遗传距离与地理距离呈正相关，几乎是平均相隔 41 公里的农村地点之间的遗传距离的两倍。亚种群分化程度（F-ST = 0.388）较高的城镇的遗传多样性和适应性测量值始终最低。该镇的人口下降并不明显，但分子和健康数据表明存在遗传漂变和近亲繁殖衰退。人为限制的种群（尤其是相对定居的物种）的长期生存可能需要分子监测，以便在对物种生态位的各个方面了解甚少时不至于偶然丧失遗传多样性。
The ability to maintain small populations in quasi-natural settings is an issue of considerable importance in biodiversity conservation. The genetic structure of urban common frog (Rana temporaria) populations was determined by allozyme electrophoresis and used to evaluate the effects of restricted intersite migration. Despite the lack of any absolute barrier to movement between ponds, substantial genetic differentiation was found between sites separated by an average of only 2.3 km. Genetic distances between these town ponds correlated positively with geographical distances and were almost twice as great as those found between rural sites separated by an average of 41 km. Measures of genetic diversity and fitness were always lowest in the town, where the degree of subpopulation differentiation (F-ST = 0.388) was high. Population decline was not evident in the town, but molecular and fitness data indicated the presence of genetic drift and inbreeding depression. The long-term survival of artificially restricted populations, particularly of relatively sedentary species, may require molecular monitoring, if genetic diversity is not to be lost by chance when facets of the species niche prove to be poorly understood.