The innate and early immune response to pathogen challenge in the female genital tract and the pivotal role of epithelial cells
The innate and early immune response to pathogen challenge in the female genital tract and the pivotal role of epithelial cells
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0378(02)00019-0
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Quayle, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quayle, AJ
女性生殖道在免疫方面是独一无二的，因为它对同种异体精子的耐受性，以及在上半部对受精卵的耐受性。然而，它也必须受到适当的保护，免受各种性传播病原体的影响，并对其做出反应。其中一些感染可能是致命的(例如人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、人乳头瘤病毒(HPV))，而其他感染(例如沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌)可能会产生潜在的破坏性生殖后遗症。宿主和病原体之间的相互作用是复杂的、多样的和受调节的，并且是单个病原体和宿主免疫的函数。尽管在黏膜免疫反应中无疑存在共性，但也有证据表明免疫机制具有一定程度的位置特异性，这取决于器官的功能和解剖位置。本文综述了有关上皮细胞在女性生殖道组织对病原体攻击的先天和早期免疫反应中的关键作用的证据，并探讨了“不育”的上生殖道和“非不育”的下生殖道可能维持着不同的免疫监视环境，也可能对病原体攻击做出不同的反应。我们还回顾了沙眼衣原体急性宫颈免疫反应的独特特征及其后续影响，并讨论了如何利用天然的抗菌免疫介体来减少性传播感染的传播。(C)2002年，爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司出版。
The female reproductive tract is immunologically unique in its requirement for tolerance to allogeneic sperm and, in the upper tract, to the conceptus. However, it must also be appropriately protected from, and respond to, a diverse array of sexually transmitted pathogens. Some of these infections can be lethal (e.g. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)), and others (e.g. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae) can have potentially devastating reproductive sequelae. Interactions between a host and a pathogen are complex, diverse and regulated, and are a function of the individual pathogen, and host immunity. Although there is undoubtedly commonality in the mucosal immune response, there is also evidence of a degree of site-specificity in immune mechanisms, dependent upon the function and anatomical location of an organ. In this article, we review the evidence on the pivotal role of epithelial cells in the innate and early immune response to pathogen challenge in female genital tract tissues, and examine the evidence that the 'sterile' upper and the 'non-sterile' lower female genital tract may maintain a different immunological surveillance milieu, and may also respond differentially to pathogen challenge. We also review the unique characteristics, and subsequent ramifications of the acute cervical immune response to C. trachomatis, and discuss how natural antimicrobial mediators of immunity may be utilized to decrease the spread of sexually transmitted infections. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.