Effects of ambient air pollution on nonelderly asthma hospital admissions in Seattle, Washington, 1987-1994
Effects of ambient air pollution on nonelderly asthma hospital admissions in Seattle, Washington, 1987-1994
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00001648-199901000-00006
复制
发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Koenig, JQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sheppard, L;Levy, D;Koenig, JQ
作为《清洁空气法案》的一部分，国会指示美国环保局制定空气质量标准，以保护敏感人群免受周围环境空气污染物的影响。哮喘患者就是这样的一个群体。我们对西雅图测量的环境空气污染物与主要诊断为哮喘的非老年住院患者之间的关系进行了研究。我们对 1987 年至 1994 年间该地区居民每日入院入院的空气动力学直径小于 10 微米和 2.5 微米的颗粒物（分别为 PM10 和 PM2.5）进行了回归；粗颗粒质量；二氧化硫（SO2）；臭氧（O-3）；泊松回归模型中的一氧化碳 (CO)，并控制时间趋势、季节变化和与温度相关的天气影响。除了季节性监测的 O-3 之外，我们在多重插补模型中补充了不完整的污染物测量值，以创建完整的暴露测量时间序列。我们发现，与 PM 四分位距变化（19 μ g/m(3) PM10、11.8 μ g/m(3) PM2.5 和 9.3 μ g/m(3) 粗颗粒物质量）相关的哮喘入院率延迟 I 天，估计增加了 4-5%；相对率如下： PM10 1.05 [95% 置信区间 (CI) = 1.02-1.08]；对于 PM2.5，1.04（95% CI = 1.02-1.07）；对于粗颗粒质量，为 1.04（95% CI = 1.01-1.07）。在单一污染物模型中，我们还发现，进入率增加 6% 与滞后 3 天的 CO 四分位距变化（四分位距，十亿分之 924；95% CI = 1.03-1.09）相关，以及滞后 3 天的 O-3 四分位距变化（四分位距，十亿分之 20；95% CI = 1.02-1.11）相关。 2天。我们没有观察到 SO2 的关联。我们发现 PM 和 CO 与哮喘入院率共同相关。我们估计春季和秋季的风险增幅最高。
As part of the Clean Air Act, Congress has directed EPA to set air quality standards to protect sensitive population groups from air pollutants in the ambient environment. People with asthma represent one such group. We undertook a study of the relation between measured ambient air pollutants in Seattle and nonelderly hospital admissions with a principal diagnosis of asthma. We regressed daily hospital admissions to local hospitals for area residents from 1987 through 1994 on particulate matter less than 10 and 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter (PM10 and PM2.5, respectively); coarse particulate mass; sulfur dioxide (SO2); ozone (O-3); and carbon monoxide (CO) in a Poisson regression model with control for time trends, seasonal variations, and temperature-related weather effects. With the exception of seasonally monitored O-3, we supplemented incomplete pollutant measures in a multiple imputation model to create a complete time series of exposure measures. We found an estimated 4-5% increase in the rate of asthma hospital admissions associated with an interquartile range change in PM (19 mu g/m(3) PM10,11.8 mu g/m(3) PM2.5, and 9.3 mu g/m(3) coarse particulate mass) lagged I day; relative rates were as follows: for PM10 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.08]; for PM2.5, 1.04 (95% CI = 1.02-1.07); and for coarse particulate mass, 1.04 (95% CI = 1.01-1.07). In single-pollutant models we also found that a 6% increase in the rate of admission was associated with an interquartile range change in CO (interquartile range, 924 parts per billion; 95% CI = 1.03-1.09) at a lag of 3 days and an interquartile range change in O-3 (interquartile range, 20 parts per billion; 95% CI = 1.02-1.11) at a lag of 2 days. We did not observe an association for SO2. We found PM and CO to be jointly associated with asthma admissions. We estimated the highest increase in risk in the spring and fall seasons.