Influencia de la variabilidad de la dirección del viento en la cuantificación de caídas de tefra: Erupciones del Tungurahua, Diciembre 2012 y Marzo 2013
Influencia de la variabilidad de la dirección del viento en la cuantificación de caídas de tefra: Erupciones del Tungurahua, Diciembre 2012 y Marzo 2013
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风向变化和四极管变化的影响：通古拉瓦火山爆发、2012 年 12 月和 2013 年 3 月
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
Silva Hidalgo
中科院分区：
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作者：
Benjamin Bernard;J. Bustillos;Bridget Wade;Silva Hidalgo
火山灰沉降物的量化可能受到不同参数的影响，例如存款暴露的质量和计算方法。本文通过对厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山两次喷发的分析，研究了风向变化的影响。风向的波动是利用华盛顿火山灰咨询中心（VAAC）发出的警报和当地志愿者的实际沉降报告进行评估的。火山灰矿床的面积密度（质量/面积）由每位合著者编制，以创建等质量图。经验方法被用来计算火山灰沉降物的总质量。通过这种方法，我们能够研究风向的变化对火山灰沉降物在类似的喷发和采样条件下的量化的影响。我们的研究结果表明，由于更高的风向变化，2012年12月的喷发产生了一个非椭圆形的复杂存款，计算的总质量值具有较大的不确定性。另一方面，2013年3月的喷发发生在风向稳定的时期，留下了几乎椭圆形的存款。共同作者对3月份火山爆发数据的汇编表明，最终结果的一致性更高，不确定性更小。这项研究强调，选择的经验法则来描述沉降物的分布必须适应根据地图的存款。
The quantification of tephra fallouts can be affected by different parameters such as the quality of the deposit exposure and the calculation method. In this paper the effect of variability in the wind direction is investigated through the analysis of two eruptions from the Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador. The fluctuation in the wind direction was assessed using the alerts generated by the Washington VAAC (Volcanic Ash Advisory Center) and the actual fallout reports from local volunteers. Area densities (mass/area) of the tephra deposits were compiled by each co-author to create isomass maps. Empirical methods were used to calculate the total mass of the tephra fallouts. With this approach we were able to study the influence of the wind direction variability on the quantification of tephra fallouts under similar eruptive and sampling conditions. Our results indicate that, due to higher wind direction variability, the December 2012 eruption produced a non-elliptical complex deposit with a larger uncertainty on the calculated total mass value. The March 2013 eruption, on the other hand, occurred during a period of steady wind direction and left an almost elliptical deposit. The compilation of the data from the March eruption done by the co-authors demonstrates greater coherence and a less uncertainty in the final result. This study highlights that the choice of the empirical law to describe the fallout distribution must be adapted according to the map of the deposit.