Speed of processing training results in lower risk of dementia.
Speed of processing training results in lower risk of dementia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trci.2017.09.002
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Unverzagt FW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Edwards JD;Xu H;Clark DO;Guey LT;Ross LA;Unverzagt FW
认知训练可以改善认知能力并延缓功能障碍，但其对痴呆症的影响尚不清楚。我们研究了三种不同类型的认知训练是否降低了10年随访期间相对于对照组的痴呆症风险，以及参加更多的训练课程是否与较低的痴呆症风险相关。老年人高级认知训练（NCT 00298558）研究是一项在最初健康的老年人中进行的随机对照试验（N = 2802），该试验检查了三种认知训练计划（记忆，推理或处理速度）相对于非接触对照条件的有效性。在6周内提供了多达10次培训课程，在11个月时提供了多达4次强化培训课程，在35个月时提供了第二组多达4次强化课程。干预后立即进行结果评估，间隔超过10年。痴呆症的定义使用的面试和基于性能的方法相结合。在随访期间，共发现了260例痴呆症。速度训练可降低痴呆症风险（风险比[HR] 0.71，95%置信区间[CI] 0.50-0.998，P = 0.049），但记忆和推理训练没有（HR 0.79，95% CI 0.57-1.11，P = 0.177和HR 0.79，95% CI 0.56-1.10，P = 0.163）。每增加一次速度训练，患痴呆症的风险降低10%（未校正HR，0.90; 95%CI，0.85-0.95，P <0.001）。最初，与未经治疗的对照组相比，随机接受处理认知训练速度的健康老年人在10年随访后患痴呆症的风险降低了29%。一项随机试验检查了三种认知训练计划的有效性。处理认知训练的速度显着降低痴呆症的风险。完成的每一次速度训练都与降低痴呆症风险有关。
Cognitive training improves cognitive performance and delays functional impairment, but its effects on dementia are not known. We examined whether three different types of cognitive training lowered the risk of dementia across 10 years of follow-up relative to control and if greater number of training sessions attended was associated with lower dementia risk. The Advanced Cognitive Training in Vital Elderly (NCT00298558) study was a randomized controlled trial (N = 2802) among initially healthy older adults, which examined the efficacy of three cognitive training programs (memory, reasoning, or speed of processing) relative to a no-contact control condition. Up to 10 training sessions were delivered over 6 weeks with up to four sessions of booster training delivered at 11 months and a second set of up to four booster sessions at 35 months. Outcome assessments were taken immediately after intervention and at intervals over 10 years. Dementia was defined using a combination of interview- and performance-based methods. A total of 260 cases of dementia were identified during the follow-up. Speed training resulted in reduced risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–0.998, P = .049) compared to control, but memory and reasoning training did not (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.57–1.11, P = .177 and HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.56–1.10, P = .163, respectively). Each additional speed training session was associated with a 10% lower hazard for dementia (unadjusted HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85–0.95, P < .001). Initially, healthy older adults randomized to speed of processing cognitive training had a 29% reduction in their risk of dementia after 10 years of follow-up compared to the untreated control group. A randomized trial examined the efficacy of three cognitive training programs. Speed of processing cognitive training significantly reduced dementia risk. Each session of speed training completed was associated with reduced dementia risk.