Effects of canopy and understory nitrogen addition on the structure and eco-exergy of a subtropical forest community
Effects of canopy and understory nitrogen addition on the structure and eco-exergy of a subtropical forest community
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冠层和林下氮添加对亚热带森林群落结构和生态火用的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105459
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发表时间：
2019-11
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Hongfang Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hongfang Lu
所有类型的生态系统中植物群落的健康都受到氮 (N) 沉降的严重威胁。氮沉降对森林群落结构（以香农维纳指数、均匀度、丰富度、密度和生物量衡量）的影响已得到广泛研究，主要是通过林下氮添加实验进行，但该实验因忽视了冠层截留、吸收和转化氮以及其他元素的功能而受到批评。为了阐明这个问题，本研究量化并比较了冠层和林下氮添加对亚热带常绿森林群落结构的影响。此外，生物热力学测量生态火用作为经典群落结构指标体系的补充，通过考虑每个物种所体现的遗传信息来评估森林群落的健康状况。结果表明，与林下氮添加相比，灌木层丰富度对冠层氮添加更为敏感。因此，仅考虑氮添加对林下植被影响的研究可能会低估氮添加对整个森林群落的影响。在这项研究中，尽管向林下添加氮并没有改变森林结构指数（香农维纳指数、均匀度、丰富度、密度和生物量），但它确实显着降低了亚热带常绿森林群落的比生态火用，正如对冠层添加氮所观察到的那样。减少的主要原因是乔木层和草本层中高等植物比例的下降和低等植物比例的增加。因此，我们的结果表明，与上述经典群落指数相比，由热力学测量确定的亚热带常绿森林群落的健康状况对氮添加更敏感，并且除灌木层外，乔木层和草本层的群落结构也对氮添加敏感。
The health of plant communities has been severely threatened by nitrogen (N) deposition across all types of ecosystems. The effect of N deposition on the structure of forest communities (as measured by the Shannon Wiener index, evenness, richness, density and biomass) has been investigated extensively, mostly through understory N-addition experiments, which has been criticized for neglecting the function of the canopy in interception, up-take and transformation of N, as well as other elements. To clarify this problem, the effects of canopy and understory N-addition on subtropical evergreen forest community structure were quantified and compared in this study. Furthermore, a bio-thermodynamic measurement, eco-exergy, was applied as a complement to the classic community structure index system to evaluate the health status of forest communities by bringing the genetic information embodied in each species into consideration. The results showed that compared to understory N-addition, richness in the shrub layer was more sensitive to the canopy N-addition. Thus, studies that only consider the effects of N-addition to the understory may underestimate the effects of N-addition on forest communities, as a whole. In this study, even though N-addition to the understory did not alter the forest structure indices (Shannon Wiener index, evenness, richness, density and biomass), significantly, it did decrease the specific eco-exergy of the subtropical, evergreen, forest community, as observed for N-addition to the canopy. The decrease was mainly contributed by the decline in the fraction of higher plants and an increase in the fraction of lower plants within the tree and herb layers. Thus, our results demonstrated that the health status of the subtropical, evergreen, forest community as determined by thermodynamic measures was more sensitive to N-addition compared to the classic community indices mentioned above, and the community structures in both tree and herb layers were also sensitive to N-addition, besides the shrub layer.
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