Development of personality in early and middle adulthood: Set like plaster or persistent change?
Development of personality in early and middle adulthood: Set like plaster or persistent change?
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.84.5.1041
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Potter, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Srivastava, S;John, OP;Potter, J
不同的理论对人格特征的平均水平在成年期的变化做出了不同的预测。五因素理论的生物学观点提出了“石膏假说”：所有人格特征在30岁时停止变化。相比之下，情境主义观点认为，变化应该更加多样化，并应持续整个成年期。这项研究对年龄在21-60岁之间的成年人（N = 132515）进行了比较，这些人在互联网上完成了大五人格测试。尽责性和宜人性在成年早期和中期以不同的速率增加；女性的神经质程度有所下降，但男性没有变化。变化模式的多样性表明，五大特征是受各种发展影响的复杂现象。
Different theories make different predictions about how mean levels of personality traits change in adulthood. The biological view of the Five-factor theory proposes the plaster hypothesis: All personality traits stop changing by age 30. In contrast, contextualist perspectives propose that changes should be more varied and should persist throughout adulthood. This study compared these perspectives in a large (N = 132,515) sample of adults aged 21-60 who completed a Big Five personality measure on the Internet. Conscientiousness and Agreeableness increased throughout early and middle adulthood at varying rates; Neuroticism declined among women but did not change among men. The variety in patterns of change suggests that the Big Five traits are complex phenomena subject to a variety of developmental influences.