The world according to Maf
The world according to Maf
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DOI：
10.1093/nar/25.15.2953
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发表时间：
1997-08-01
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Engel, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Motohashi, H;Shavit, JA;Engel, JD
Maf家族蛋白质如此命名是因为它们与创始成员癌蛋白v-Maf的结构相似，MafF、MafG和MafK家族成员，如所有家族成员一样，包括与亮氨酸拉链（b-Zip）结构域连接的特征性碱性区，其分别介导DNA结合和亚基二聚化，小Maf蛋白与细胞中存在的其他b-Zip蛋白形成同源二聚体或异源二聚体，并结合DNA中的Maf识别元件（MARE），因为它们缺乏已知的转录激活结构域，小Maf蛋白作为具有许多大亚基的专性异二聚体配偶体分子（下文讨论），或者作为同二聚体或异二聚体转录阻遏物发挥功能。这三种小Maf蛋白在许多重叠组织中表达，但它们的表达谱似乎仍然受到细致的组织和发育阶段特异性控制。MARE与NF-E2结合序列惊人相似，人β-核因子受体中的NF-E2结合位点珠蛋白基因座控制区已被直接牵连为引起染色质结构变化所需的电路中的组成部分，虽然NF-E2 DNA序列已被证明对于红细胞特异性基因调节是重要的，但越来越多的其他基因也可以通过非红细胞中相同或非常相似的顺式元件来调节。这些观察结果表明，对小Maf蛋白活性的全面分析可能为扩大我们对转录的理解提供了独特的视角可以通过相互作用的转录因子网络引起的调节。
Maf family proteins are so named because of their structural similarity to the founding member, the oncoprotein v-Maf, The small Maf proteins (MafF, MafG and MafK), as do all family members, include a characteristic basic region linked to a leucine zipper (b-Zip) domain which mediate DNA binding and subunit dimerization respectively, The small Maf proteins form homodimers or heterodimers with other b-Zip proteins present in the cell and bind to Maf recognition elements (MARE) in DNA, Since they lack known transcriptional activation domains, the small Maf proteins function either as obligatory heterodimeric partner molecules with numerous large subunits, discussed below, or alternatively as homo- or heterodimeric transcriptional repressors. The three small Maf proteins are expressed in a number of overlapping tissues, but their expression profiles nonetheless appear to be under meticulous tissue- and developmental stage-specific control, The MARE bears a striking resemblance to the NF-E2 binding sequence, NF-E2 binding sites in the human beta-globin locus control region have been directly implicated as integral components in the circuitry required for eliciting changes in chromatin structure that precede globin gene activation, While the NF-E2 DNA sequence has been shown to be important for erythroid-specific gene regulation, a growing list of other genes may also be regulated through the same, or very similar, cis elements in non-erythroid cells, Taken together, these observations argue that comprehensive analysis of the activities of the small Maf proteins may provide a unique perspective for expanding our understanding of transcriptional regulation that can be elicited through interacting transcription factor networks.