How parties compete for votes: A test of saliency theory
How parties compete for votes: A test of saliency theory
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DOI：
10.1111/1475-6765.12017
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Winkler, Anna Katharina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dolezal, Martin;Ennser-Jedenastik, Laurenz;Winkler, Anna Katharina
显着性理论是政党竞争最有影响力的解释之一，尤其是为比较宣言项目提供了理论框架-比较政治学中最广泛使用的数据收集之一。尽管它的突出地位，并不是所有的政党竞争的显着性理论的经验意义还没有得到系统的测试。本文讨论了显着性理论的五个预测，其核心主张是，各方竞争的选择性问题的重点，而不是直接对抗。由于理论假设的公平测试需要依赖于独立测量政党问题突出性和政党立场的数据，本文借鉴了奥地利国家选举研究（AUTNES）的新宣言数据。通过对2002年、2006年和2008年大选的所有竞选宣言的分析，可以看出，显著性理论正确地识别了政党竞争的一些特征。例如，政党会刻意强调他们拥有的问题。然而，显着性理论的核心假设，即各方竞争通过选择性的问题强调，而不是直接对抗相同的问题未能实现在大多数情况下。
Saliency theory is among the most influential accounts of party competition, not least in providing the theoretical framework for the Comparative Manifesto Project - one of the most widely used data collections in comparative politics. Despite its prominence, not all empirical implications of the saliency theory of party competition have yet been systematically tested. This article addresses five predictions of saliency theory, the central claim of which is that parties compete by selective issue emphasis rather than by direct confrontation. Since a fair test of the theory's assumptions needs to rely on data that measures party issue saliency and party positions independently, this article draws on new manifesto data from the Austrian National Election Study (AUTNES). Analysing all manifestos issued for the 2002, 2006 and 2008 general elections, it shows that saliency theory correctly identifies some features of party competition. For instance, parties disproportionally emphasise issues they own'. Yet, the core assumption of saliency theory that parties compete via selective issue emphasis rather than direct confrontation over the same issues fails to materialise in the majority of cases.