MicroRNAs: an emerging science in cancer epigenetics.
MicroRNAs: an emerging science in cancer epigenetics.
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DOI：
10.1186/2043-9113-3-6
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发表时间：
2013-03-16
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tollefsbol TO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kala R;Peek GW;Hardy TM;Tollefsbol TO
微小RNA（miRNA）是一种非凡的分子，似乎在细胞生物学中发挥着重要作用。它们构成了一类非蛋白质编码RNA分子，现在已经成为调节mRNA活性的关键参与者。miRNAs是一种长度约为22个核苷酸的小分子RNA，它影响特定mRNA的活性，直接降解和/或阻止其翻译成蛋白质。miRNAs科学将其作为癌症早期检测和管理的候选生物标志物。对于使用miRNA作为一类新的治疗靶标和作为一类新的用于治疗癌症的治疗剂也存在相当大的兴奋。从临床的角度来看，miRNAs可以诱导多种效应，并可能在生物医学研究中具有多种应用。本文综述了miRNAs的一般作用模式、生物发生、饮食对miRNAs表达的影响以及miRNAs对癌症表观遗传学和各种癌症耐药性的影响。此外，我们还提供了重点的生物信息学软件，可用于确定潜在的目标的miRNA。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are remarkable molecules that appear to have a fundamental role in the biology of the cell. They constitute a class of non-protein encoding RNA molecules which have now emerged as key players in regulating the activity of mRNA. miRNAs are small RNAmolecules around 22 nucleotides in length, which affect the activity of specific mRNA, directly degrading it and/or preventing its translation into protein. The science of miRNAs holds them as candidate biomarkers for the early detection and management of cancer. There is also considerable excitement for the use of miRNAs as a novel class of therapeutic targets and as a new class of therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancers. From a clinical perspective, miRNAs can induce a number of effects and may have a diverse application in biomedical research. This review highlights the general mode of action of miRNAs, their biogenesis, the effect of diet on miRNA expression and the impact of miRNAs on cancer epigenetics and drug resistance in various cancers. Further we also provide emphasis on bioinformatics software which can be used to determine potential targets of miRNAs.