A microtubule-organizing center directing intracellular transport in the early mouse embryo
A microtubule-organizing center directing intracellular transport in the early mouse embryo
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aam9335
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Jennifer Zenker;Melanie D. White;Rachel Templin;Robert G. Parton;Oliver Thorn-Seshold;Stéphanie Bissière;N. Plachta;N. Plachta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennifer Zenker;Melanie D. White;Rachel Templin;Robert G. Parton;Oliver Thorn-Seshold;Stéphanie Bissière;N. Plachta;N. Plachta
微管在胚胎中的组织方式从细胞分裂到形态发生的细胞功能都依赖于微管，微管组织中心作为其生长的锚定部位。虽然中心体在大多数动物细胞中组织微管细胞骨架，但这种细胞器在早期发育中不存在。使用活细胞成像，Zenker等人发现早期小鼠胚胎的细胞通过稳定的微管桥连接，以指导微管在其中的生长。从桥发出的微管有助于引导关键蛋白质（包括E-钙粘蛋白）转运到细胞膜，以控制早期发育期间的细胞极化。非中心体微管组织中心指导早期小鼠胚胎的细胞内运输。中心体是大多数动物细胞的主要微管组织中心（MTOC）;然而，在早期哺乳动物发育过程中，这种细胞器是不存在的。因此，哺乳动物胚胎组织微管（MT）的机制尚不清楚。我们可视化MT桥梁连接对细胞，并表明细胞动力学桥不经历刻板的分裂后的细胞分裂。相反，它作为支架的MT负末端稳定蛋白CAMSAP 3的积累在整个间期，从而将这种结构转化为一个noncentrosomal MTOC。细胞粘附分子E-钙粘蛋白向膜的转运由该MTOC协调，并且是形成多能内块所需的。我们的研究揭示了MT组织的非中心体形式，指导细胞内运输，是哺乳动物发育所必需的。
How microtubules organize in embryos Cell functions ranging from cell division to morphogenesis rely on microtubules, with microtubule-organizing centers serving as anchoring sites for their outgrowth. Although the centrosome organizes the microtubule cytoskeleton in most animal cells, this organelle is absent in early development. Using live-cell imaging, Zenker et al. found that the cells of the early mouse embryo are connected by stable microtubule bridges to direct the growth of microtubules within them. Microtubules emanating from the bridges help to guide transport of key proteins, including E-cadherin, to the cell membrane to control cell polarization during early development. Science, this issue p. 925 A noncentrosomal microtubule-organizing center directs intracellular transport in the early mouse embryo. The centrosome is the primary microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) of most animal cells; however, this organelle is absent during early mammalian development. Therefore, the mechanism by which the mammalian embryo organizes its microtubules (MTs) is unclear. We visualize MT bridges connecting pairs of cells and show that the cytokinetic bridge does not undergo stereotypical abscission after cell division. Instead, it serves as scaffold for the accumulation of the MT minus-end–stabilizing protein CAMSAP3 throughout interphase, thereby transforming this structure into a noncentrosomal MTOC. Transport of the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin to the membrane is coordinated by this MTOC and is required to form the pluripotent inner mass. Our study reveals a noncentrosomal form of MT organization that directs intracellular transport and is essential for mammalian development.