Evidence for the specificity of control motivations in worldview defense: Distinguishing compensatory control from uncertainty management and terror management processes.
Evidence for the specificity of control motivations in worldview defense: Distinguishing compensatory control from uncertainty management and terror management processes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2011.03.026
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Steven Shepherd;Aaron C. Kay;M. Landau;Lucas A. Keefer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Steven Shepherd;Aaron C. Kay;M. Landau;Lucas A. Keefer
受补偿控制模型（CCM）启发的研究表明，人们通过支持提供外部控制的文化世界观的各个方面来补偿个人控制威胁。根据 CCM 的说法，这些影响源于维持感知秩序的动机，但也有可能它们代表了间接努力，以支持不确定性管理理论（自我相关的确定性）和恐怖管理理论（死亡超越）所描述的远端相关心理结构。为了评估补偿性控制过程是否在世界观防御中发挥独特的作用，我们假设个人控制威胁会增加对专门支持秩序的文化结构的肯定，而不是支持远端相关结构的结构。 5 项研究的结果在对不同文化建构的态度的背景下为这一假设提供了一致的支持（研究 1：民族文化；研究 2 和 3：消费品；研究 4a、研究 4b：政治候选人）。同样支持假设的是，与赋予秩序的结构相比，不确定性显着性和死亡率显着性分别引发了对赋予身份和永生目标的更大肯定。讨论的重点是存在动机的不同观点对于预测特定形式的世界观防御的价值。
Research inspired by the compensatory control model (CCM) shows that people compensate for personal control threats by bolstering aspects of the cultural worldview that afford external control. According to the CCM these effects stem from the motivation to maintain perceived order, but it is alternatively possible that they represent indirect efforts to bolster distally related psychological structures described by uncertainty management theory (self-relevant certainty) and terror management theory (death-transcendence). To assess whether compensatory control processes play a unique role in worldview defense, we hypothesized that personal control threats would increase affirmation of cultural constructs that specifically bolster order more so than constructs that bolster distally related structures. The results of 5 studies provide converging support for this hypothesis in the context of attitudes toward diverse cultural constructs (Study 1: national culture; Studies 2 and 3: consumer products; Study 4a, Study 4b: political candidates). Also supporting hypotheses, uncertainty salience and mortality salience elicited greater affirmation of identity- and immortality-conferring targets, respectively, compared to order-conferring constructs. Discussion focuses on the value of different perspectives on existential motivation for predicting specific forms of worldview defense.