Chasing Jenner's Vaccine: Revisiting Cowpox Virus Classification
Chasing Jenner's Vaccine: Revisiting Cowpox Virus Classification
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0023086
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发表时间：
2011-08-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Meyer, Hermann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carroll, Darin S.;Emerson, Ginny L.;Meyer, Hermann
牛痘病毒(CPXV)被描述为第一种用于预防传染病发病和传播的疫苗的来源。它是正痘病毒属中最早被描述的成员之一，正痘病毒包括导致人类天花和猴痘的病毒。无论是历史文献还是现代文献都将“牛痘”描述为一种只有一种病原体的疾病。这里提供的基因数据表明，CPXV不是一个单一物种，而是几个(最多5个)物种的组合，可以感染奶牛、人类和其他动物。以宿主命名病原体的做法混淆了“牛痘”分离株的真正分类关系。这些数据支持传统的牛痘病毒组中多达四个新物种的增加，并表明野生型和现代疫苗株与欧洲大陆的CPXV关系最密切，而不是疫苗的发源地英国。
Cowpox virus (CPXV) is described as the source of the first vaccine used to prevent the onset and spread of an infectious disease. It is one of the earliest described members of the genus Orthopoxvirus, which includes the viruses that cause smallpox and monkeypox in humans. Both the historic and current literature describe "cowpox" as a disease with a single etiologic agent. Genotypic data presented herein indicate that CPXV is not a single species, but a composite of several (up to 5) species that can infect cows, humans, and other animals. The practice of naming agents after the host in which the resultant disease manifests obfuscates the true taxonomic relationships of "cowpox" isolates. These data support the elevation of as many as four new species within the traditional "cowpox" group and suggest that both wild and modern vaccine strains of Vaccinia virus are most closely related to CPXV of continental Europe rather than the United Kingdom, the homeland of the vaccine.