Reward and punisher experience alter rodent decision-making in a judgement bias task
Reward and punisher experience alter rodent decision-making in a judgement bias task
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-68737-1
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发表时间：
2020-07-16
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mendl, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neville, Vikki;King, Jessica;Mendl, Michael
情感状态对决策的影响可能是复杂的。从惩罚事件的经验中产生的消极状态被假设为产生对未来惩罚和“悲观”/风险规避决策的增强预期。然而，它们也可能影响如何评价决策结果。这种影响可能进一步取决于手头的决定是否与最初引起情感状态的奖励或惩罚相关。在这里，我们试图通过向大鼠提供不同类型的奖励或惩罚（蔗糖与空气膨化；50 kHz与22 kHz超声波发声）来剖析这些影响，并在使用蔗糖和空气膨化作为决策结果的判断偏差任务中调查它们随后的决策。在测试前接受许多蔗糖颗粒的老鼠比接受许多充气的老鼠更厌恶风险。超声波发声并没有改变决策。计算分析显示，与奖励相比，惩罚者的权重更高（与一项单独的行为任务的发现一致），与测试前吹气相比，测试前蔗糖后的风险厌恶反应更倾向于惩罚者。因此，在本研究中，奖惩者对情感状态的操纵似乎通过以特定领域的方式影响决策结果的期望和评估来改变决策。
The influence of affective states on decision-making is likely to be complex. Negative states resulting from experience of punishing events have been hypothesised to generate enhanced expectations of future punishment and 'pessimistic'/risk-averse decisions. However, they may also influence how decision-outcomes are valued. Such influences may further depend on whether decisions at hand are germane to the rewards or punishers that induced the affective state in the first place. Here we attempt to dissect these influences by presenting either many or few rewards or punishers of different types (sucrose vs air-puff; 50 kHz vs 22 kHz ultrasonic vocalisations) to rats, and investigating their subsequent decisions in a judgement bias task that employed sucrose and air-puff as decision outcomes. Rats that received many sucrose pellets prior to testing were more risk-averse than those receiving many air-puffs. Ultrasonic vocalisations did not alter decision-making. Computational analysis revealed a higher weighting of punishers relative to rewards (in agreement with findings from a separate behavioural task) and a bias towards the risk-averse response following pre-test sucrose compared to pre-test air-puff. Thus, in this study reward and punisher manipulation of affective state appeared to alter decision-making by influencing both expectation and valuation of decision-outcomes in a domain-specific way.