Effects of Sensory Modality and Task Duration on Performance, Workload, and Stress in Sustained Attention
Effects of Sensory Modality and Task Duration on Performance, Workload, and Stress in Sustained Attention
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感觉方式和任务持续时间对持续注意力的表现、工作量和压力的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Szalma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Szalma
在观察者监测听觉或视觉显示信号持续时间变化的条件下，研究了与40分钟警觉性任务相关的工作量和压力。全球工作量得分在NASA任务负荷指数的中游范围内下降，沮丧子量表的得分随着时间的推移呈线性增长。这些效应与信号的感觉方式无关。然而，感觉模态是应激的显著调节变量。根据对邓迪压力状态问卷的反应，随着时间的推移，观察者的压力变得更大，有证据表明，在观察结束时，听觉状况有所恢复，但视觉状况没有恢复。这一结果和信号检测的准确性——尽管等同于警报条件下的难度——倾向于听觉模式的发现表明，在设计需要持续关注的操作时，应该仔细考虑显示方式和任务时间，以提高性能和减少压力。本研究的实际或潜在应用包括监控是关键部分的领域，如行李检查，安全操作，医疗监控和发电厂操作。
The workload and stress associated with a 40-min vigilance task were examined under conditions wherein observers monitored an auditory or a visual display for changes in signal duration. Global workload scores fell in the midrange of the NASA Task Load Index, with scores on the Frustration subscale increasing linearly over time. These effects were unrelated to the sensory modality of signals. However, sensory modality was a significant moderator variable for stress. Observers became more stressed over time as indexed by responses to the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire, with evidence of recovery in the auditory but not the visual condition toward the end of the watch. This result and the finding that signal detection accuracy - although equated for difficulty under alerted conditions - favored the auditory mode, indicate that display modality and time on task should be considered carefully in the design of operations requiring sustained attention in order to enhance performance and reduce stress. Actual or potential applications of this research include domains in which monitoring is a crucial part, such as baggage screening, security operations, medical monitoring, and power plant operations.