What older people do: Time use and exploring the link between role participation and life satisfaction in people aged 65 years and over
What older people do: Time use and exploring the link between role participation and life satisfaction in people aged 65 years and over
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老年人做什么：65 岁及以上人群的时间利用和探索角色参与与生活满意度之间的联系
DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1630.2007.00642.x
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
J. Liddle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. McKenna;K. Broome;J. Liddle
目的：时间使用和角色参与的数据可以提供丰富的信息，可以帮助职业治疗师更好地了解老年人的生活。 本研究的目的是（一）描述的时间使用和角色参与的社区居住的人年龄在65岁及以上，（二）分析时间使用和角色参与是否随着年龄的增长而改变，（三）确定是否有一个链接之间的维护角色参与和生活满意度在老年。
方法：采用横断面设计，访谈包括活动配置，角色检查表和生活满意度指数-Z收集数据的195名参与者（平均年龄75岁，58.5%的女性）。
结果：被试的睡眠时间（8.4h/d）、独处时间（4.5h/d）、工具性日常生活活动时间（3.1h/d）、社交时间（2.7h/d）和基本日常生活活动时间（2.6h/d）占被试的总时间的比例最高。 最常见的角色是朋友（96.4%），家庭成员（95.4%）和家庭维护者（87.2%）。与65-74岁的参与者相比，75岁及以上的参与者花在孤独休闲上的时间明显更多，花在有偿工作和交通上的时间更少。在75-84岁的参与者中，角色维持与更高的生活满意度显着相关。
结论：老年人的职业和角色是多种多样的，年龄的增加似乎不会减少职业或角色参与。 角色的价值并不总是反映在为之投入的时间上，促进继续参与有价值的角色可能对老年人的生活满意度很重要。
Objectives: Data on time use and role participation can provide rich information that can help occupational therapists better understand older people's lives. This study aimed to (i) describe the time use and role participation of community-dwelling people aged 65 years and older, (ii) analyse whether time use and role participation changed with increasing age, and (iii) determine if there is a link between maintenance of role participation and life satisfaction in older age.
Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, interviews including the Activity Configuration, Role Checklist and Life Satisfaction Index-Z were used to collect data on 195 participants (mean age 75 years, 58.5% female).
Results: Participants spent most of their time on sleep (8.4 h/day), solitary leisure (4.5 h/day), instrumental activities of daily living (3.1 h/day), social leisure (2.7 h/day) and basic activities of daily living (2.6 h/day). The most common roles were friend (96.4%), family member (95.4%) and home maintainer (87.2%). Participants aged 75 years and older spent significantly more time on solitary leisure and less time on paid work and transport compared to those aged 65–74 years. Role maintenance was significantly related to greater life satisfaction in participants aged 75–84 years.
Conclusion: Older people's occupations and roles are diverse, and increasing age does not appear to reduce occupational or role engagement. The value of roles is not always reflected in the amount of time devoted to them and facilitating continued participation in valued roles may be important for older people's life satisfaction.