Seismic surveys and marine turtles: An underestimated global threat?
Seismic surveys and marine turtles: An underestimated global threat?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.020
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Godley, Brendan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelms, Sarah E.;Piniak, Wendy E. D.;Godley, Brendan J.
地震勘探广泛应用于海洋地球物理油气勘探，利用气枪产生能够穿透海底的声波。近年来，人们开始关注这种活动的生物影响，特别是对海洋哺乳动物的影响。虽然在至少50个有海龟的国家的水域进行了勘探，但地震调查造成的威胁程度几乎完全未知。为了研究这一问题，采用了一种混合方法，包括系统回顾、政策比较和利益相关者分析，并确定了对未来研究的建议。这项研究发现，在研究和将海龟纳入缓解政策方面，海龟在很大程度上被忽视了。很少有研究调查地震调查可能造成的行为改变或物理损害，这表明了一个关键的知识差距。尽管如此，政策比较显示，目前世界上只有三个国家将海龟纳入其地震减灾准则，而且它们规定的措施很少是基于科学证据或证明有效的。从利益攸关方团体获得的意见进一步强调，迫切需要进行有针对性的深入实证研究，以便更好地提供信息并制定适当的缓解战略。随着地震调查的日益广泛和频繁，我们有必要及时评估海龟这种受全球保护的物种可能受到的影响程度。(C) 2015年作者。Elsevier Ltd.出版。
Seismic surveys are widely used in marine geophysical oil and gas exploration, employing airguns to produce sound-waves capable of penetrating the sea floor. In recent years, concerns have been raised over the biological impacts of this activity, particularly for marine mammals. While exploration occurs in the waters of at least fifty countries where marine turtles are present, the degree of threat posed by seismic surveys is almost entirely unknown. To investigate this issue, a mixed-methods approach involving a systematic review, policy comparison and stakeholder analysis was employed and recommendations for future research were identified. This study found that turtles have been largely neglected both in terms of research and their inclusion in mitigation policies. Few studies have investigated the potential for seismic surveys to cause behavioural changes or physical damage, indicating a crucial knowledge gap. Possible ramifications for turtles include exclusion from critical habitats, damage to hearing and entanglement in seismic survey equipment Despite this, the policy comparison revealed that only three countries worldwide currently include turtles in their seismic mitigation guidelines and very few of the measures they specify are based on scientific evidence or proven effectiveness. Opinions obtained from stakeholder groups further highlight the urgent need for directed, in-depth empirical research to better inform and develop appropriate mitigation strategies. As seismic surveying is becoming increasingly widespread and frequent, it is important and timely that we evaluate the extent to which marine turtles, a taxon of global conservation concern, may be affected. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.