Determining the influence of chromium propionate and Yucca schidigera on growth performance and carcass composition of pigs housed in a commercial environment
Determining the influence of chromium propionate and Yucca schidigera on growth performance and carcass composition of pigs housed in a commercial environment
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DOI：
10.1093/tas/txz117
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Dritz, Steve S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gebhardt, Jordan T.;Woodworth, Jason C.;Dritz, Steve S.
进行了两个实验以确定给料丙酸铬（Cr; Kemin Industries，Inc.，Des Moines，IA）和基于丝兰的提取物（YS; Distributors Processing，Inc.，Porterville，CA），研究在商业条件下饲养的育肥猪的生长性能。在实验1中，在到达设施后，将总计1，188头猪（PIC 337 x 1050;初始27.3 +/- 0.48 kg体重[BW]）（每个围栏27头猪，每个处理11个围栏）按性别分组，并随机分配至按BW区组的4个围栏组。日粮以玉米-豆粕-干酒糟为基础，分5个阶段饲喂。处理被安排为2 × 2析因，主要影响为Cr（0 vs. 200 μ g/kg）或YS（0 vs. 62.5 mg/kg基于YS的饲料级浓缩物）。总体而言，单独添加铬增加（P = 0.049）平均每日采食量（ADFI），并列入YS导致在ADFI略有显着增加（P = 0.077）。添加铬可增加背膘厚（P = 0.043），降低瘦肉率（P = 0.011）。在实验2中，将总共2，430头猪（PIC 359 x 1050;最初29.3 +/- 0.43 kg BW）置于平衡的混合性别围栏中，每围栏27头猪，按平均围栏BW分组，并随机分配至6个饮食处理之一，每个处理14个围栏。日粮以玉米-豆粕为基础，分为五个阶段。处理被安排在一个2 × 3的阶乘与铬（0与200微克/公斤添加铬），和YS提取物（0，62.5，或125毫克/公斤YS为基础的饲料级浓缩物）的主要影响。总的来说，对于平均日增重（ADG），观察到铬与YS的交互作用（线性，P = 0.072），没有足够的证据表明在不包括添加铬的日粮中增加YS会产生差异（P >= 0.109）;然而，在添加200 μ g/kg铬的处理中，添加YS会增加ADG（二次，P= 0.026）。对于总体ADFI，观察到轻微显著（线性，P = 0.071）的Cr x YS相互作用，其中添加200 pg/kg Cr时YS增加ADFI（线性，P = 0.031），然而，当饮食不含添加的Cr时（P = 0.700），则没有。当添加62.5 mg/kg YS时，观察到增重：饲料比略微显著降低（二次曲线，P = 0.053），最终BW和热胴体重在62.5 mg/kg YS时最低（二次曲线，P = 0.012）。总之，添加丙酸铬沿着YS导致性能的适度变化，在200 μ g/kg Cr和125 mg/kg YS基饲料级浓缩物中观察到最大益处。
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding chromium propionate (Cr; Kemin Industries, Inc., Des Moines, IA) and a Yucca schidigera-based extract (YS; Distributors Processing, Inc., Porterville, CA) on growth performance of finishing pigs housed in commercial conditions. In experiment 1, a total of 1,188 pigs (PIC 337 x 1050; initially 27.3 +/- 0.48 kg body weight [BW]) with 27 pigs per pen and 11 pens per treatment were split by sex upon arrival at the facility and were randomly allotted to groups of four pens blocked by BW. Diets were corn-soybean meal-dried distillers grains with solubles-based and were fed in five phases. Treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial with main effects of Cr (0 vs. 200 mu g/kg) or YS (0 vs. 62.5 mg/kg YS-based feed grade concentrate). Overall, adding Cr alone increased (P = 0.049) average daily feed intake (ADFI), and inclusion of YS resulted in a marginally significant increase (P = 0.077) in ADFI. Backfat depth was increased (P = 0.043) and lean percentage was decreased (P = 0.011) with added Cr. In experiment 2, a total of 2,430 pigs (PIC 359 x 1050; initially 29.3 +/- 0.43 kg BW) were placed in balanced mixed-sex pens with 27 pigs per pen, blocked by average pen BW, and randomly assigned to one of six dietary treatments with 14 pens per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and were formulated in five dietary phases. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial with main effects of Cr (0 vs. 200 mu g/kg added Cr), and YS extract (0, 62.5, or 125 mg/kg YS-based feed grade concentrate). Overall, a marginally significant (linear, P = 0.072) Cr x YS interaction was observed for average daily gain (ADG) where there was insufficient evidence of a difference with increasing YS in diets not including added Cr (P >= 0.109); however, ADG increased (quadratic, P= 0.026) with YS addition in treatments fed 200 mu g/kg added Cr. For overall ADFI, a marginally significant (linear, P = 0.071) Cr x YS interaction was observed where YS increased ADFI with 200 pg/kg added Cr (linear, P = 0.031), however, did not when diets contained no added Cr (P = 0.700). A marginally significant reduction in gain:feed ratio was observed when 62.5 mg/kg YS was included (quadratic, P = 0.053), and final BW and hot carcass weight were lowest with 62.5 mg/kg YS (quadratic, P = 0.012). In summary, adding Cr propionate along with YS led to modest changes in performance with the greatest benefit observed with 200 mu g/kg Cr and 125 mg/kg YS-based feed grade concentrate.