Nominal inflection classes in verbal paradigms

Nominal inflection classes in verbal paradigms
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言语范式中的名义词形变化类别

DOI:
10.1007/s11525-019-09342-5
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
Baerman M
Baerman M
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--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baerman M

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屈折的名义形式被合并到动词范式中并不罕见,如Imonda进行式constructiontōbtō soh-ia le-f ‘ he is looking for fish(参见fish search- locfull -prs) ’,其中动词名词‘ search ’在位置格中。同样,名义词形变化类也不罕见。但两者很少同时发生。我们提出了两个案例研究(我们所知道的唯一例子),作为对屈折类系统的类型学的贡献:西尼罗河语言努尔语和古爱尔兰语。在这些语言中,格标记中的名义词形变化类的区别已经通过与指代名词相关的结构的结合而成为言语范式的一部分。这为观察变形类的属性提供了一个独特的上下文。在努尔语中,动名词的格变可以通过一连串的隐含关系推导出来,揭示了在普通名词系统中完全隐蔽的过程。在古爱尔兰语中,它向现代时期的过渡伴随着动名词行为的分裂,其词形变化等级系统在口头使用时被简化,但在其他上下文中保持完整,这表明融入语言范式对系统产生了真正的影响。
It is not uncommon for inflected nominal forms to be incorporated into verbal paradigms, as in Imonda progressive constructiontōbtō soh-ia ale-f‘he is looking for fish (lit. fish search-locstay-prs)’, where the verbal noun ‘search’ is in the locative case. Equally, nominal inflection classes are not uncommon. But the two rarely cooccur. We present two case studies (the only examples we are aware of) as a contribution to the typology of inflection class systems: the Western Nilotic language Nuer, and Old Irish. In these languages nominal inflection class distinctions in case marking have become part of the verbal paradigm through the incorporation of constructions involving deverbal nouns. This provides a unique context for observing the properties of inflection classes. In Nuer, case inflection of the verbal noun can be deduced through a cascading series of implicatures, laying bare processes which are entirely covert in the ordinary noun system. With Old Irish, its transition to the modern period was accompanied by a split in the behaviour of verbal nouns, whose inflection class system was simplified when used verbally, but left intact in other contexts, showing that incorporation into the verbal paradigm had real effects on the system.
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