Quantifying overlap between the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and predicted bluefin tuna spawning habitat in the Gulf of Mexico
Quantifying overlap between the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and predicted bluefin tuna spawning habitat in the Gulf of Mexico
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DOI：
10.1038/srep33824
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发表时间：
2016-09-22
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Block, Barbara A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hazen, Elliott L.;Carlisle, Aaron B.;Block, Barbara A.
大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus thynnus）分布在整个北大西洋，具有经济价值，但受到严重开发。目前，该渔业作为两个产卵种群进行管理，墨西哥湾种群已严重枯竭20多年。2010年4月至8月，深水地平线石油泄漏事件向墨西哥湾释放了约400万桶石油，对生态系统和经济造成了严重影响。急性石油暴露导致蓝鳍金枪鱼卵和幼虫死亡，而对产卵的成年鱼的慢性影响则不太清楚。在这里，我们使用了16年的电子标签数据66蓝鳍金枪鱼，以确定产卵事件，量化栖息地的偏好，并预测栖息地的使用和石油暴露在墨西哥湾产卵场。在石油扩散高峰期的一周内，美国专属经济区内超过54，000公里（5%）的预测产卵栖息地被石油污染，对卵和幼虫具有潜在的致命影响。虽然石油泄漏与预测的产卵栖息地的一个相对较小的部分重叠，石油，海洋变暖和副渔获物死亡率对GOM产卵场的累积影响可能会导致显着影响的人口，几乎没有证据表明重建。
Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are distributed throughout the North Atlantic and are both economically valuable and heavily exploited. The fishery is currently managed as two spawning populations, with the GOM population being severely depleted for over 20 years. In April-August of 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill released approximately 4 million barrels of oil into the GOM, with severe ecosystem and economic impacts. Acute oil exposure results in mortality of bluefin eggs and larvae, while chronic effects on spawning adults are less well understood. Here we used 16 years of electronic tagging data for 66 bluefin tuna to identify spawning events, to quantify habitat preferences, and to predict habitat use and oil exposure within Gulf of Mexico spawning grounds. More than 54,000 km(2) (5%) of predicted spawning habitat within the US EEZ was oiled during the week of peak oil dispersal, with potentially lethal effects on eggs and larvae. Although the oil spill overlapped with a relatively small portion of predicted spawning habitat, the cumulative impact from oil, ocean warming and bycatch mortality on GOM spawning grounds may result in significant effects for a population that shows little evidence of rebuilding.