Indigenous and tribal peoples' health (The Lancet-Lowitja Institute Global Collaboration): a population study
Indigenous and tribal peoples' health (The Lancet-Lowitja Institute Global Collaboration): a population study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(16)00345-7
复制
发表时间：
2016-07-09
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Yap, Leslie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Ian;Robson, Bridget;Yap, Leslie
土著和部落居民健康的国际研究提供了重要的公共卫生见解。制定政策和保健服务需要可靠的数据。以前的研究记录了土著人民与基准人口相比的较差结果，但在国家覆盖范围或健康指标范围方面受到限制。我们的目标是描述的健康和社会地位的土著和部落民族相对于基准人口从抽样的countries.Methods合作者在土著健康数据系统的专业知识，确定为每个国家。获得的数据包括人口、出生时预期寿命、婴儿死亡率、低出生体重和高出生体重、孕产妇死亡率、营养状况、教育程度和经济状况。数据来源包括政府数据、儿童基金会等非政府组织的数据和其他研究。结果我们的数据（23个国家，28个人口）提供的证据，土著人民的健康和社会成果较差比非土著人口。然而，这并不是一致的情况，并且速率差的大小变化。我们记录的土著人口的结果较差：18个人口中有16个人口的出生时预期寿命，15个人口中的差异超过1年; 19个人口中有18个人口的婴儿死亡率，16个人口中的婴儿死亡率差异超过每1 000名活产婴儿中的1人; 10个人口的孕产妇死亡率;低出生体重，3个群体的比率差异大于2%;高出生体重，1个群体的比率差异大于2%; 16个群体中有10个群体的儿童营养不良，5个群体的比率差异大于10%; 12个人群中有8个人群的儿童肥胖，4个人群的差异大于5%; 13个人群中有7个人群的成人肥胖，4个人群的差异大于10%; 27个人群中有26个人群的教育程度，24个人群的差异大于1%; 18个人群中有15个人群的经济状况差异大于1%，14个人群的差异大于1%。解释我们系统地整理了比以往研究更广泛的国家和指标样本的数据。考虑到联合国可持续发展目标，我们建议各国政府制定针对原住民健康的政策回应，改善获得卫生服务的机会，并在国家监测系统内提供原住民数据。
Background International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important public health insights. Reliable data are required for the development of policy and health services. Previous studies document poorer outcomes for Indigenous peoples compared with benchmark populations, but have been restricted in their coverage of countries or the range of health indicators. Our objective is to describe the health and social status of Indigenous and tribal peoples relative to benchmark populations from a sample of countries.Methods Collaborators with expertise in Indigenous health data systems were identified for each country. Data were obtained for population, life expectancy at birth, infant mortality, low and high birthweight, maternal mortality, nutritional status, educational attainment, and economic status. Data sources consisted of governmental data, data from non-governmental organisations such as UNICEF, and other research. Absolute and relative differences were calculated.Findings Our data (23 countries, 28 populations) provide evidence of poorer health and social outcomes for Indigenous peoples than for non-Indigenous populations. However, this is not uniformly the case, and the size of the rate difference varies. We document poorer outcomes for Indigenous populations for: life expectancy at birth for 16 of 18 populations with a difference greater than 1 year in 15 populations; infant mortality rate for 18 of 19 populations with a rate difference greater than one per 1000 livebirths in 16 populations; maternal mortality in ten populations; low birthweight with the rate difference greater than 2% in three populations; high birthweight with the rate difference greater than 2% in one population; child malnutrition for ten of 16 populations with a difference greater than 10% in five populations; child obesity for eight of 12 populations with a difference greater than 5% in four populations; adult obesity for seven of 13 populations with a difference greater than 10% in four populations; educational attainment for 26 of 27 populations with a difference greater than 1% in 24 populations; and economic status for 15 of 18 populations with a difference greater than 1% in 14 populations.Interpretation We systematically collated data across a broader sample of countries and indicators than done in previous studies. Taking into account the UN Sustainable Development Goals, we recommend that national governments develop targeted policy responses to Indigenous health, improving access to health services, and Indigenous data within national surveillance systems.