Predictors of protein intake among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California.
Predictors of protein intake among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California.
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DOI：
10.1111/ajad.13280
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bluthenthal, Ricky N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolshakova, Maria;Kral, Alex H.;Wenger, Lynn D.;Simpson, Kelsey;Goldshear, Jesse;Sussman, Steve;Bluthenthal, Ricky N.
虽然营养不足会削弱免疫系统，并导致弱势群体的负面健康后遗症，但人们对注射毒品者的营养摄入情况知之甚少。我们的目的是量化PWID中的营养摄入量，并探讨蛋白质摄入量和药物使用之间的关系。采用横断面设计来分析自我报告的参与者数据。PWID于2016/17年从加州的社区环境中招募。参与者报告了30天内每天的食物消耗量，从中创建了连续的蛋白质摄入量变量。参与者（N=937）的模态特征为：白色（42.5%）、男性（75.3%）、健康BMI（56.6%）和无住房（82.9%）。不到1%的参与者达到或超过了推荐的蛋白质摄入量指南（每天每公斤体重0.80克）。最终的多元回归模型发现，蛋白质摄入量与年龄较大，高中或更高的教育程度，阿片类药物和大麻使用频率显着正相关，而拉丁裔与蛋白质摄入量呈负相关，调整性别。我们的研究表明，PWID通常不会体重过轻，但它们严重缺乏蛋白质，这可能更难识别。贫困、无家可归和其他结构性障碍可能导致这一问题，这表明社区需要为残疾人提供更多营养丰富的食物。我们的研究结果表明，阿片类药物和大麻的使用频率，而不是兴奋剂（甲基苯丙胺和可卡因）可能会增加PWID对富含蛋白质食物的偏好。
While inadequate nutrition can weaken the immune system and lead to negative health sequelae for vulnerable populations, little is known about nutritional intake among people who inject drugs (PWID). We aimed to quantify nutritional intake among PWID and to explore associations between protein intake and drug use. A cross-sectional design was used to analyze self-reported participant data. PWID were recruited from community settings in California in 2016/17. Participants reported on food consumption per day for a 30-day period, from which a continuous protein intake variable was created. Modal characteristics of participants (N=937) were: white (42.5%), male (75.3%), healthy BMI (56.6%), and unhoused (82.9%). Less than 1% of participants met or exceeded recommended guidelines for protein intake (0.80 grams per day per 1 kg body weight). The final multiple regression model found protein intake to be significantly positively associated with older age, high school or greater education, frequency of opiate and marijuana use, while Latinx ethnicity was inversely associated with protein intake, adjusting for gender. Our study shows PWID are generally not underweight, yet they are grossly protein deficient, which can be harder to recognize. Poverty, homelessness, and other structural barriers likely contribute to this issue, which demonstrates the need for communities to provide more access to nutrient-rich food to PWID. Our findings demonstrate the novel findings that opiate and marijuana use frequency, but not stimulants (methamphetamine and cocaine) may increase preference for protein-rich foods among PWID.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Piroth, L;Duong, M;Chavanet, P
通讯作者：
Chavanet, P
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Anema, Aranka;Wood, Evan;Kerr, Thomas
通讯作者：
Kerr, Thomas
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Islam, SKN;Hossain, KJ;Ahsan, M
通讯作者：
Ahsan, M
DOI：
10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2409
发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Escobar M;Scherer JN;Soares CM;Guimarães LSP;Hagen ME;von Diemen L;Pechansky F
通讯作者：
Pechansky F
DOI：
10.1007/s11524-010-9486-9
发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Kral, Alex H.;Malekinejad, Mohsen;Raymond, H. Fisher
通讯作者：
Raymond, H. Fisher