Liberationists, Clients, Activists: Queer Youth Organizing, 1966–2003

Liberationists, Clients, Activists: Queer Youth Organizing, 1966–2003
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解放主义者、客户、活动家:酷儿青年组织,1966-2003

DOI:
10.1300/j367v02n03_06
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发表时间:
2005
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
S. Cohen
S. Cohen
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
S. Cohen

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从1966年到2003年,酷儿青年项目的发展受到性意识形态(本质主义、存在建构主义、批判理论、同性恋解放和酷儿理论)的影响,这些意识形态塑造了群体如何处理成员、参与者的角色、对性身份的理解、出柜和对抗同性恋恐惧症的方式。团体类型(给出起始日期)包括:激进的基层团体(1966年),倡导革命性变革;以社区为基础的项目(1970年),提供情感支持和社会服务;以学校为基础的咨询项目(1984年),防止因恐同而造成的伤害和骚扰;另类学校(1985年),提供独立和安全的教育环境;同性恋-异性恋联盟(GSAs)(大约1989年),鼓励所有学生的融合;在线论坛(20世纪90年代),匿名对话反映了不断变化的成员的不同观点;至少有一个反同性恋教育组织(1993年),支持批判性和酷儿话语。酷儿青年群体的非凡历史揭示了对性的不断演变和分歧的理解,这些理解塑造了青年——作为同性恋解放主义者、客户和活动家——如何努力对抗孤立,实现个人或政治变革,以及定义性身份。
ABSTRACT The evolution of queer youth programs from 1966 to 2003 has been influenced by sexual ideologies (essentialism, existential constructivism, critical theory, gay liberation, and queer theory) that shape how groups address membership, participants' roles, understandings of sexual identities, coming-out, and ways of contesting homophobia. Group types (given with starting dates) include: radical grassroots groups (1966), advocating revolutionary change, community-based programs (1970s), offering emotional support and social services; school-based counseling programs (1984) countering victimization and harassment induced by homophobia; alternative schools (1985), providing separate and safe educational environments; Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs) (circa 1989), encouraging the integration of all students; online forums (1990s) where anonymous dialogue reflects the diverse views of an ever-shifting membership; and at least one anti-homophobia education group (1993), supporting critical and queer discourse. The remarkable history of queer youth groups reveals evolving and divergent understandings of sexuality shaping how youth-as gay liberationists, clients, and activists-have worked to counter isolation, achieve personal or political change, and define sexual identities.