Biodiesel: An Alternative Fuel for Compression Ignition Engines
Biodiesel: An Alternative Fuel for Compression Ignition Engines
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生物柴油：压燃式发动机的替代燃料
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Carroll E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jon H Van Gerpen;Charles L Peterson;Carroll E Goering;Carroll E
生物柴油是柴油发动机的替代燃料，它是由植物油和动物脂肪与酒精化学结合形成烷基酯而产生的。广泛的研究和示范项目表明，它可以在未经改造的柴油发动机中使用纯柴油或与传统柴油混合使用。由于政府的激励措施和高油价，人们对生物柴油的兴趣最近一直在扩大。本文综述了生物柴油的发展历史、生产实践以及利用生物柴油的技术。技术共识已经形成，质量是成功使用生物柴油的最重要标准，燃料应符合ASTM生物柴油规范D6751。当燃料达到这一标准时，它已被证明可以提供更好的润滑性，更高的十六烷值，更低的颗粒，一氧化碳，未燃烧碳氢化合物的排放，但更高水平的氮氧化物。虽然目前植物油的可用性限制了生物柴油取代石油的程度，但新的油料作物可能使生物柴油在未来做出重大贡献。
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that is produced by chemically combining vegetable oils and animal fats with an alcohol to form alkyl esters. Extensive research and demonstration projects have shown it can be used pure or in blends with conventional diesel fuel in unmodified diesel engines. Interest in biodiesel has been expanding recently due to government incentives and high petroleum prices. This paper reviews the history of biodiesel development, production practices, and the technology to utilize the fuel without problems. A technical consensus has developed that quality is the most important criterion of successful biodiesel use and that fuel should meet the ASTM specification for biodiesel, D6751. When the fuel meets this standard, it has been shown to provide improved lubricity, higher cetane number, lower emissions of particulate, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons but higher level of oxides of nitrogen. While the current availability of vegetable oil limits the extent to which biodiesel can displace petroleum to a few percent, new oil crops could allow biodiesel to make a major contribution in the future.