Study on Exothermic Oxidation of Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) Resin Powder with Application to ABS Processing Safety
Study on Exothermic Oxidation of Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) Resin Powder with Application to ABS Processing Safety
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DOI：
10.3390/polym2030174
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kao, Chen-Shan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duh, Yih-Shing;Ho, Ta-Cheng;Kao, Chen-Shan
用热分析法研究了工业级ABS（丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯）树脂粉末的氧化降解。采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）研究了不同聚丁二烯（PB）含量的ABS对温度的不稳定性。进行了等温试验和动态扫描的热成像。观察到三个放热峰，分别与自氧化、降解和氧化分解有关。自动氧化的起始温度在193℃左右，而通过DSC等温测试发现氧化的阈温度低至140℃。在空气中变性后对粉末进行的另一次扫描显示，起始温度为127℃，ABS粉末的反应性危害被证实是不饱和PB结构域的放热氧化，而不是SAN（聚（苯乙烯-丙烯腈））基体。最初测定的氧化热为每克ABS为2,800 +/- 40 J，每克PB为4,720 +/- 20 J。通过工艺条件下的绝热温升来评价ABS粉末加工的热危害。与氧化热相关的红外光谱证实了氧化机制，这些证据排除了SAN降解的热源。采用DSC分析了一种不添加抗氧化剂的特殊制备的ABS粉末的放热行为。通过动态扫描和等温试验确定放热起始温度分别为120℃和80℃。该评估成功地解释了ABS粉末干燥机和ABS挤出机的火灾和爆炸。
Oxidative degradation of commercial grade ABS (Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) resin powders was studied by thermal analysis. The instabilities of ABS containing different polybutadiene (PB) contents with respect to temperature were studied by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Thermograms of isothermal test and dynamic scanning were performed. Three exothermic peaks were observed and related to auto-oxidation, degradation and oxidative decomposition, respectively. Onset temperature of the auto-oxidation was determined to be around 193 degrees C. However, threshold temperature of oxidation was found to be as low as 140 degrees C by DSC isothermal testing. Another scan of the powder after degeneration in air showed an onset temperature of 127 degrees C. Reactive hazards of ABS powders were verified to be the exothermic oxidation of unsaturated PB domains, not the SAN (poly(styrene-acrylonitrile)) matrix. Heat of oxidation was first determined to be 2,800 +/- 40 J per gram of ABS or 4,720 +/- 20 J per gram of PB. Thermal hazards of processing ABS powder are assessed by adiabatic temperature rise at process conditions. IR spectroscopy associated with heat of oxidation verified the oxidative mechanism, and these evidences excluded the heat source from the degradation of SAN. A specially prepared powder of ABS without adding anti-oxidant was analyzed by DSC for comparing the exothermic behaviors. Exothermic onset temperatures were determined to be 120 degrees C and 80 degrees C by dynamic scanning and isothermal test, respectively. The assessment successfully explained fires and explosions in an ABS powder dryer and an ABS extruder.