Rearing in an enriched environment attenuated hyperactivity and inattention in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, an animal model of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Rearing in an enriched environment attenuated hyperactivity and inattention in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, an animal model of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.11.035
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Cheong, Jae Hoon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Botanas, Chrislean Jun;Lee, Hyelim;Cheong, Jae Hoon
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种常见的神经发育障碍，其特征是多动、注意力不集中和冲动症状。它通常用精神兴奋剂治疗，通常从童年开始并持续很长一段时间。然而，人们对长期精神兴奋剂治疗的后果感到担忧；因此，人们越来越多地寻找 ADHD 的替代治疗方法。一种引起人们广泛关注的非药物管理是环境富集。在这里，我们研究了在丰富的环境（EE）中饲养对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）（一种 ADHD 动物模型）中 ADHD 样症状表达的影响。从出生后第 21 天到 PND 49 天，SHR 在 EE 或标准环境 (SE) 中饲养。此后，进行了测量多动症（旷场测试 [OM）、注意力不集中（Y 迷宫任务）和冲动性（延迟贴现任务）的行为测试。此外，还采用脑电图（EEG）来评估EE对大鼠大脑活动的影响。 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) 大鼠（SHR 的正常血压对应物）被用来确定 EE 的影响是否特定于特定的遗传背景。 EE 提高了 SHR 和 WKY 大鼠在 OFT 和 Y 迷宫任务中的表现，但没有提高延迟贴现任务中的表现。有趣的是，EE 在 WKY 大鼠中引起显着的脑电图变化，但在 SHR 中却没有。这些发现表明，饲养环境可能在 SHR 中 ADHD 样症状的表达中发挥作用，而 EE 可能被认为是管理 ADHD 症状的一种假定的补充方法。 (C) 2015 爱思唯尔公司保留所有权利。
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. It is commonly treated with psychostimulants that typically begins during childhood and lasts for an extended period of time. However, there are concerns regarding the consequences of chronic psychostimulant treatment; thus, there is a growing search for an alternative management for ADHD. One non -pharmacological management that is gaining much interest is environmental enrichment. Here, we investigated the effects of rearing in an enriched environment (EE) on the expression of ADHD-like symptoms in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs), an animal model of ADHD. SHRs were reared in EE or standard environment (SE) from post-natal day (PND) 21 until PND 49. Thereafter, behavioral tests that measure hyperactivity (open field test [OM), inattention (Y-maze task), and impulsivity (delay discounting task) were conducted. Additionally, electroencephalography (EEG) was employed to assess the effects of EE on rat's brain activity. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, the normotensive counterpart of the SHRs, were used to determine whether the effects of EE were specific to a particular genetic background. EE improved the performance of the SHRs and WKY rats in the OFT and Y-maze task, but not the delay discounting task. Interestingly, EE induced significant EEG changes in WKY rats, but not in the SHRs. These findings show that rearing environment may play a role in the expression of ADHD-like symptoms in the SHRs and that EE may be considered as a putative complementary approach in managing ADHD symptoms. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.