Implicit gender bias in linguistic descriptions for expected events: The cases of the 2016 US and 2017 UK election
Implicit gender bias in linguistic descriptions for expected events: The cases of the 2016 US and 2017 UK election
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对预期事件的语言描述中隐含的性别偏见：以 2016 年美国和 2017 年英国大选为例
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Levy
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文献类型：
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作者：
Titus von der Malsburg;Till Poppels;R. Levy
性别刻板印象影响对世界的主观信念，这反映在我们对语言的使用中。但语言中的性别偏见是否明显反映了主观信念？或者将思想转化为语言的过程本身是否存在偏见？在 2016 年美国 (N=24,863) 和 2017 年英国 (N=2,609) 竞选期间，我们比较了参与者对下一任政府首脑性别的看法与他们对下一任政府首脑代词的使用和解释。在美国，即使女性候选人有望获胜，也很少提及“她”，这会导致严重的理解障碍。在英国，现任女性候选人备受青睐，“她”在生产中受到青睐，但没有产生理解优势。这些和其他发现表明，语言系统本身是隐性偏见的一个来源，仅次于先前已知的偏见，例如通过隐性关联测试测量的偏见。
Gender stereotypes influence subjective beliefs about the world and this is reflected in our use of language. But do gender biases in language transparently reflect subjective beliefs? Or is the process translating thought to language itself biased? During the 2016 US (N=24,863) and 2017 UK (N=2,609) electoral campaigns, we compared participants’ beliefs about the gender of the next head of government with their use and interpretation of pronouns referring to the next head of government. In the US, even when the female candidate was expected to win, ’she’ references were rarely produced and induced substantial comprehension disruption. In the UK, where the incumbent female candidate was heavily favored, ’she’ was preferred in production but yielded no comprehension advantage. These and other findings suggest that the language system itself is as a source of implicit biases next to previously known biases such as those measured by the implicit association test.