Factors associated with patient and visitor violence experienced by nurses in general hospitals in Switzerland: a cross-sectional survey
Factors associated with patient and visitor violence experienced by nurses in general hospitals in Switzerland: a cross-sectional survey
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03361.x
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Halfens, Ruud J. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hahn, Sabine;Mueller, Marianne;Halfens, Ruud J. G.
目标。探讨瑞士综合医院护士对病人和来访者暴力的经历以及其他相关因素。病人和访客暴力是医疗保健专业中一种复杂的职业危害，一般来说，护理人员遭受病人和访客暴力的比例最高。国际研究发现，工作人员和病人的属性，工作人员和病人之间的互动，以及环境特征是与病人和访客暴力发生相关的重要因素。然而，以前的研究仅部分描述了综合医院环境中的这些因素。欧洲大陆的综合医院设置甚至更少研究。设计方法采用回顾性横断面调查方法。调查对象为291名综合性医院不同临床科室的护士。所用的调查表是《工作人员遭受暴力情况调查》的德文修订版。调查结果显示，在过去12个月内，72%的护士经历过口头病人和访客暴力，42%的护士经历过身体病人和访客暴力。此外，23%的人身体受伤，1.4%的人请了一天或几天病假。病人和来访者的暴力行为使护理人员感到痛苦。观察到注册护士护理焦虑或认知障碍患者的患者和访客暴力的风险较高，康复单位与长期的护士-患者/nurserelative互动和工作场所没有正式的程序，病人和访客violence. Conclusions。结果表明，临床环境对病人和访客暴力的发生影响不大。病人和来访者的暴力行为似乎更多地受到特定于互动类型和情况的其他因素的影响。研究应跟进这些具体的发现，以进一步改善政策，程序和干预策略。为了防止患者和访客暴力，瑞士综合医院应考虑与患者和访客暴力相关的风险因素。应改进现有的政策、程序和工作人员教育。
Aims. To explore nurses' experiences with patient and visitor violence, as well as other related factors, in Swiss general hospital settings.Background. Patient and visitor violence is a complex occupational hazard among health care professions, with nursing in general, experiencing the highest rate of patient and visitor violence. International research has found that staff and patient attributes, interaction between staff and patients, as well as environmental characteristics are important factors associated with the occurrence of patient and visitor violence. Previous studies, however, have only partially described these factors in the general hospital setting. Mainland European general hospital settings are even less well researched. Design. A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2007.Methods. A total of 291 nurses working in different clinical departments in general hospitals provided data. The questionnaire used was a modified German version of the Survey of Violence Experienced by Staff.Results. The findings revealed that 72% of nurses had experienced verbal patient and visitor violence and 42% physical patient and visitor violence in the past 12 months. Also, 23% were physically injured and 1.4% took one or more days of sick leave. Patient and visitor violence was distressing for the nursing staff. A higher risk for patient and visitor violence was observed with registered nurses nursing anxious or cognitively impaired patients, for rehabilitation units with longer-term nurse-patient/nurserelative interactions and for workplaces with an absence of formal procedures for patient and visitor violence.Conclusions. The results indicate that the clinical setting has little impact on the occurrence of patient and visitor violence. Patient and visitor violence appears to be influenced more by the additional factors specific to the type of interaction and situation. Research should follow up on these specific findings to further improve policies, procedures and intervention strategies.Relevance to clinical practice. To prevent patient and visitor violence, Swiss general hospitals should take into consideration the risk factors associated with patient and visitor violence. Existing policies, procedures and staff education should be improved on.