Experiences in the military may impact dual-axis neuroendocrine processes in veterans
Experiences in the military may impact dual-axis neuroendocrine processes in veterans
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DOI：
10.1002/dev.21259
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Shirtcliff, Elizabeth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bobadilla, Leonardo;Asberg, Kia;Shirtcliff, Elizabeth A.
生存训练等军事应激源可以在短期内影响内分泌功能，而战斗与精神病理学相关的内分泌变化有关。然而，缺乏对军事样本的研究，以检查这些变化是否存在个体差异，作为正常发育的一部分，或作为成年后的适应机制。这项研究考察了退伍军人样本中的战斗暴露是否与实验室挫败任务的内分泌活动差异有关。结果表明，陆军退伍军人表现出显着的睾酮反应挫折和皮质醇和睾酮之间的负耦合。另外，海军和海军陆战队退伍军人表现出很少的睾酮反应挫折和积极的皮质醇和睾酮之间的耦合。积极的皮质醇睾酮耦合更强的个人谁有更危险的战斗经验。后一种模式可能更好地为个人的压力生活经历做好准备，并支持成年压力源可能校准内分泌系统的论点。结果在自适应校准模型（Ellis等人，2012，Developmental Psychology，48（3），598-623），其提出在内分泌可塑性生命阶段（例如，青春期）可以改变压力反应性，导致更快的生活史轨迹（例如，增加冒险和侵略性）。(c)2014 Wiley Periodicals，Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57：719-730，2015.
Military stressors such as survival training can affect endocrine functioning in the short term, and combat has been associated with endocrine changes linked to psychopathology. However, studies with military samples examining whether there are individual differences in these changes as part of normal development, or as an adaptive mechanism in adulthood are lacking. This study examined whether exposure to combat in a sample of veterans was associated with differential endocrine activity to a laboratory frustration task. Results indicated that Army veterans demonstrated significant testosterone reactivity to frustration and negative coupling between cortisol and testosterone. Alternatively, Navy and Marine veterans demonstrated little testosterone reactivity to frustration and positive coupling between cortisol and testosterone. Positive cortisol-testosterone coupling was stronger among individuals who had more dangerous combat experiences. This latter pattern may better prepare individuals for stressful life experiences and supports the contention that adulthood stressors may calibrate endocrine systems. Results are explained in the context of the Adaptive Calibration Model (Ellis et al., 2012, Developmental Psychology, 48(3), 598-623) which proposes that exposure to key environmental dimensions during endocrinologically malleable life stages (e.g., puberty) can change stress responsivity, resulting in a faster life history trajectory (e.g., increased risk-taking and aggression). (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 719-730, 2015.