Education, Vulnerability, and Resilience after a Natural Disaster.
Education, Vulnerability, and Resilience after a Natural Disaster.
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DOI：
10.5751/es-05377-180216
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Thomas D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frankenberg E;Sikoki B;Sumantri C;Suriastini W;Thomas D
对教育在大规模自然灾害面前提供保护的程度进行了调查。我们利用2004年印度洋海啸前后在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛两个省收集的纵向人口代表性调查数据，研究了成年人福祉的一系列广泛指标的变化。以海啸发生前生活在随后遭到海啸严重破坏的地区的成年人为重点，教育程度较高的男性更有可能在海啸中幸存下来，但教育程度并不能预测女性的生存情况。教育程度与海啸后一年幸存者的创伤后压力水平或流离失所的可能性无关。教育似乎确实发挥作用的地方是在长期应对灾害方面。受教育程度较高的人比其他人更不可能住在营地或其他临时住所，而是搬到私人住宅，与家人或朋友住在一起，或者租一个新家。相对于那些受教育程度较低的人的削减，受教育程度较高的人更有能力将海啸后支出水平的下降降到最低。海啸发生五年后，受教育程度较高的人比受教育程度较低的人的心理社会健康状况更好。总而言之，从长远来看，教育与更高水平的复原力有关。
The extent to which education provides protection in the face of a large-scale natural disaster is investigated. Using longitudinal population-representative survey data collected in two provinces on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, before and after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, we examine changes in a broad array of indicators of well-being of adults. Focusing on adults who were living, before the tsunami, in areas that were subsequently severely damaged by the tsunami, better educated males were more likely to survive the tsunami, but education is not predictive of survival among females. Education is not associated with levels of post-traumatic stress among survivors 1 year after the tsunami, or with the likelihood of being displaced. Where education does appear to play a role is with respect to coping with the disaster over the longer term. The better educated were far less likely than others to live in a camp or other temporary housing, moving, instead, to private homes, staying with family or friends, or renting a new home. The better educated were more able to minimize dips in spending levels following the tsunami, relative to the cuts made by those with little education. Five years after the tsunami, the better educated were in better psycho-social health than those with less education. In sum, education is associated with higher levels of resilience over the longer term.