How well do protected area networks support taxonomic and functional diversity in non-target taxa? The case of Iberian freshwaters
How well do protected area networks support taxonomic and functional diversity in non-target taxa? The case of Iberian freshwaters
复制标题
保护区网络对非目标类群的分类和功能多样性的支持程度如何？
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2015.04.018
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
P. Abellán
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Guareschi;D. Bilton;J. Velasco;A. Millán;P. Abellán
保护区网络是全球养护政策的支柱之一，因此是目前维持生物多样性努力的核心。然而，大多数保护战略的一个主要局限是它们偏向于特定的分类群体和生态系统，这意味着许多分类群和生境往往只是作为列入保护区的副产品而受到附带保护。在这里，我们调查如何有效地保护区网络，而不是专门指定为淡水，支持水生生物多样性在伊比利亚半岛（西班牙和葡萄牙），使用数据的水甲虫，代理人在这些栖息地的整体大型无脊椎动物的多样性。我们探讨了在不同的空间尺度上分类和功能多样性的不同措施（α，β和γ）的行为。总体而言，我们的研究结果突出了保留系统在维护分类或功能多样性方面的对比表现，以及空间尺度的重要性。伊比利亚保护区在半岛尺度上支持水甲虫的分类多样性方面表现相对较好，但同样的保护区代表功能多样性较差。这种不匹配提醒人们不要将任何一个多样性组成部分作为其他组成部分的替代品，并强调必须采取综合办法养护水生生态系统的生物多样性。此外，我们的研究结果往往显示对比模式在较小的空间尺度，强调需要考虑规模的影响时，评估保护区网络的有效性。
Protected area networks represent one of the mainstays of global conservation polices and are therefore central to current efforts to maintain biodiversity. However, a major limitation of most conservation strategies is their bias towards particular taxonomic groups and ecosystems, meaning that many taxa and habitats are often only incidentally protected as a by-product of inclusion within reserves. Here we investigate how effectively protected area networks, not specifically designated for freshwaters, support aquatic biodiversity in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), using data for water beetles, surrogates of overall macroinvertebrate diversity in these habitats. We explore the behaviour of different measures (α,βandγ) of both taxonomic and functional diversity at different spatial scales. Overall our findings highlight the contrasting performance of reserve systems in the maintenance of either taxonomic or functional diversity, as well as the importance of spatial scale. Iberian reserves perform relatively well in supporting taxonomic diversity of water beetles at the peninsular scale, but the same protected areas poorly represent functional diversity. Such a mismatch cautions against the use of any one diversity component as a surrogate for others, and emphasizes the importance of adopting an integrative approach to biodiversity conservation in aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, our results often show contrasting patterns at smaller spatial scales, highlighting the need to consider the influence of scale when evaluating the effectiveness of protected area networks.