Paula Lind Ayers: "song-physician" for troops with shell shock during World War I.
Paula Lind Ayers: "song-physician" for troops with shell shock during World War I.
复制标题
保拉·林德·艾尔斯（Paula Lind Ayers）：第一次世界大战期间为患有炮弹休克症的部队提供的“歌曲医生”。
DOI：
10.1093/jmt/thu022
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Alaine E Reschke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alaine E Reschke
背景
人们对第一次世界大战期间音乐的治疗用途知之甚少。这项历史研究提供了保拉·林德·艾尔斯（Paula Lind Ayers，1891-1974 年）的传记，她是一位歌手、演员和 YMCA 艺人，被称为“能用歌声消除炮弹休克症的女孩”。
目标
本研究的目的是描述保拉·林德·艾尔斯在第一次世界大战期间的暂托服务，并提供她生活的背景传记。
方法
作者对保拉·林德·艾尔斯的生活和第一次世界大战期间的活动进行了详尽的搜索。使用了大量数据库来查找印刷来源。咨询了图书馆、档案馆和组织以获得未发表的主要来源。作者通过递归过程评估材料，包括证实证据、评估来源可靠性和情境化信息。针对新出现的主题对数据进行了综合和分析。
结果
研究结果表明，保拉·林德·艾尔斯（Paula Lind Ayers）开发了一种使用熟悉的现场演唱的系统方法，可以有效缓解炮弹休克症状。第一次世界大战期间，她的方法被海外其他人效仿。战后，她恢复了成功的表演生涯，直到大萧条时期。没有找到有关艾尔斯从 1929 年到 1974 年去世期间的生活信息。
结论
了解保拉·林德·艾尔斯对音乐治疗的贡献可以让我们更深入地了解过去音乐对经历过炮弹休克的士兵的治疗作用。这种理解有助于塑造我们与退伍军人一起看待当前音乐治疗概念的方式，以及我们如何回答将影响该领域未来的问题。
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the therapeutic uses of music during the First World War. This historical study provides a biography of Paula Lind Ayers (1891-1974), a vocalist, actress, and YMCA Entertainer who became known as "the girl who could sing away shell shock."
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to describe Paula Lind Ayers' respite services during World War I and provide a contextual biography of her life.
METHODS
The author conducted an exhaustive search regarding Paula Lind Ayers' life and her activities during World War I. Numerous databases were used to locate print sources. Libraries, archives, and organizations were consulted to obtain unpublished primary sources. The author evaluated materials via a recursive process that included corroborating evidence, assessing source reliability, and contextualizing information. Data were synthesized and analyzed for emergent themes.
RESULTS
Findings suggest that Paula Lind Ayers developed a systematic approach using familiar, live singing that was effective in alleviating symptoms of shell shock. Her method was replicated by others overseas during World War I. After the war, she returned to a successful performance career until the Great Depression. No information was found about Ayers' life from the year 1929 until her death in 1974.
CONCLUSIONS
Understanding Paula Lind Ayers' contribution to music therapy provides a deeper awareness of past therapeutic uses of music with soldiers who experienced shell shock. Such understanding helps shape the way we view the present conception of music therapy with veterans and how we might answer questions that will affect the future of the field.