Improved growth and morphological plasticity of Haloferax volcanii
Improved growth and morphological plasticity of Haloferax volcanii
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DOI：
10.1099/mic.0.001012
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Duggin, Iain G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Silva, Roshali T.;Abdul-Halim, Mohd F.;Duggin, Iain G.
有些微生物表现出多态性，在单一培养物中表现出可变的细胞形状，而另一些微生物则分化以适应变化的环境条件。多形古菌Haloferax volcanii通常在培养中形成盘状（“板状”）细胞，但也可能以杆状存在，并且可以在软琼脂中发育成活动的杆状，或在某些生物膜中发育成较长的丝状。在这里，我们报告的H。通过补充八种微量元素微量营养素，在半限定培养基和复合培养基中培养volcanii。使用这些补充培养基，在生长的早期对数期期间清楚地观察到平板细胞瞬时发育成形状均匀的棒;然后细胞在晚期对数期和稳定期恢复到平板上。在用高纯水和试剂制备的培养基中，在没有补充微量元素的情况下，在培养物的所有生长阶段都观察到杆和其他复杂的细长形态（“多形性杆”）;高度细长的细胞有时在一个或更少的两极显示大量小管，以及不寻常的锥形和高度弯曲的形式。观察到极小管通过最初的中间细胞变窄或微管形成，导致哑铃状形状，然后细胞向一端分裂。均匀的早期对数期杆，以及多形性杆和小管的形成依赖于微管蛋白样细胞骨架蛋白CetZ 1的功能。我们的研究结果揭示了H. volcanii细胞对多种培养条件的反应，并应促进该物种在古生物学的进一步研究中的使用。
Some microbes display pleomorphism, showing variable cell shapes in a single culture, whereas others differentiate to adapt to changed environmental conditions. The pleomorphic archaeon Haloferax volcanii commonly forms discoid-shaped ('plate') cells in culture, but may also be present as rods, and can develop into motile rods in soft agar, or longer filaments in certain biofilms. Here we report improvement of H. volcanii growth in both semi-defined and complex media by supplementing with eight trace element micronutrients. With these supplemented media, transient development of plate cells into uniformly shaped rods was clearly observed during the early log phase of growth; cells then reverted to plates for the late log and stationary phases. In media prepared with high-purity water and reagents, without supplemental trace elements, rods and other complex elongated morphologies ('pleomorphic rods') were observed at all growth stages of the culture; the highly elongated cells sometimes displayed a substantial tubule at one or less frequently both poles, as well as unusual tapered and highly curved forms. Polar tubules were observed forming by initial mid-cell narrowing or tubulation, causing a dumbbell-like shape, followed by cell division towards one end. Formation of the uniform early log-phase rods, as well as the pleomorphic rods and tubules were dependent on the function of the tubulin-like cytoskeletal protein, CetZ1. Our results reveal the remarkable morphological plasticity of H. volcanii cells in response to multiple culture conditions, and should facilitate the use of this species in further studies of archaeal biology.