Different effects of temperature on foraging activity schedules in sympatric Myrmecia ants
Different effects of temperature on foraging activity schedules in sympatric Myrmecia ants
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.053710
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Zeil, Jochen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jayatilaka, Piyankarie;Narendra, Ajay;Zeil, Jochen
动物通过将活动限制在一天或一年中的特定时间来避免限制觅食的温度。然而，由于温度改变了食物资源的可用性，很难将觅食和时间生态位的占用与温度相关的影响分开。通过研究两个同类，同域的Myrmptuant，我们隔离的温度的影响，并调查温度是否会影响觅食时间表，并导致两个蚂蚁活跃在不同的时间，一天或一年。我们监测觅食活动，并确定蚂蚁的温度耐受性在实验室中通过确定（1）临界温度最小值和最大值（CTmin和CTmax）和（2）步行速度和温度之间的关系。蚁的Myrmcroslandi是昼夜整个一年，但在冬季停止地上活动。觅食开始时的表面温度为9.8-30.1摄氏度，而它们的实验室CTmin和CTmax分别为10.4和48.5摄氏度。觅食开始的时间显着影响的表面温度在日出和发病的时间。梨形蚁全年都在夜间活动。觅食开始时的表面温度为5.4-26.2摄氏度，而它们的实验室CTmin和CTmax分别为8.2和41.6摄氏度。觅食开始的时间不受表面温度的影响，但仅由日落时间。我们的结论是，温度决定了M的觅食时间以及每日和季节性的觅食活动。croslandi，但对M.梨形。在这两个物种中，CTmax大于自然觅食时间的温度。
Animals avoid temperatures that constrain foraging by restricting activity to specific times of the day or year. However, because temperature alters the availability of food resources, it is difficult to separate temperature-dependent effects on foraging and the occupation of temporal niches. By studying two congeneric, sympatric Myrmecia ants we isolated the effect of temperature and investigated whether temperature affects foraging schedules and causes the two ants to be active at distinct times of the day or year. We monitored foraging activity and identified the ants' temperature tolerance in the laboratory by determining (1) critical thermal minima and maxima (CTmin and CTmax) and (2) the relationship between walking speed and temperature. Ants of Myrmecia croslandi were diurnal throughout the year, but ceased above-ground activity during winter. Surface temperature at the onset of foraging was 9.8-30.1 degrees C, while their laboratory CTmin and CTmax were 10.4 and 48.5 degrees C, respectively. Time of foraging onset was significantly influenced by surface temperature at time of sunrise and of onset. Ants of Myrmecia pyriformis were nocturnal throughout the year. Surface temperature at the onset of foraging was 5.4-26.2 degrees C, while their laboratory CTmin and CTmax were 8.2 and 41.6 degrees C, respectively. Time of foraging onset was not influenced by surface temperature, but solely by sunset time. We conclude that temperature determines the timing of foraging as well as the daily and seasonal foraging activity in M. croslandi, but has less obvious effects on M. pyriformis. In both species, CTmax was greater than temperatures at the natural foraging times.