King-Devick and Pre-season Visual Function in Adolescent Athletes.
King-Devick and Pre-season Visual Function in Adolescent Athletes.
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King-Devick 和青少年运动员季前视觉功能。
DOI：
10.1097/opx.0000000000000938
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ferguson,Drew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weise,KatherineK;Swanson,MarkW;Penix,Kimberly;Hale,MatthewHeath;Ferguson,Drew
目的研究King-Devick测试（KD）作为大学年龄及以上运动员的离场测试；然而，对年轻运动员的研究有限。为了确定KD的可重复性，我们对学龄运动员在各种运动项目的季前体检期间进行了KD和其他视觉相关的横断面研究。该研究还评估了收敛、对齐或瞳孔功能如何影响较慢的King-Devick基线阅读。方法：785名运动员在医院或学校接受了视力筛查，由经过培训/认证的工作人员进行，作为季前体检的一部分。619人按照制造商建议的方案完成了KD测试并重复了测试。其他基线视力测试包括视力、校正索林顿测试、收敛测试和使用NeurOptics (NPi -200) NPi的瞳孔功能。结果所有参与者的平均最快、误差最小的KD时间为43.9秒（SD±11.6，范围24-120）。中位KD时间随年龄增加而增加（p< 0.0001）。各评分的班级间相关系数为0.92。任意两个试验的绝对平均时差为3.5 s （SD±2.5，范围0-23）。最佳KD时间与鼻咽癌缩小（p= 0.63）、修正Thorington对齐测量（p= 0.55）或NPi瞳孔功能（p= 0.79）之间无相关性。Bland Altman重复测量的一致性极限在10至12年级为±6.5秒，在6至9年级为±10.2秒。结论初高中运动员的skingdevick得分具有一定的变异性，但随着年龄的增长，其速度更快，重复性更强。KD与收敛、对齐或瞳孔功能降低无显著相关性。根据分组数据，年轻运动员在第二次服药时慢了10秒，年长运动员慢了6秒，这代表了测试速度的真正差异。当决定是否退出比赛受到KD结果的影响时，应考虑球员内部的可变性。
PurposeThe King-Devick test (KD) has been studied as a remove-from-play sideline test in college-age athletes and older; however, studies in younger athletes are limited. A cross-sectional study of the KD and other vision correlates was completed on school-aged athletes during pre-season physicals for a variety of sports to determine the repeatability of the KD. The study also evaluated how convergence, alignment, or pupil function contributed to a slower King-Devick baseline reading.MethodsSeven hundred eighty-five athletes underwent vision screenings in a hospital or school setting by trained/certified staff as part of pre-season physicals. Six hundred nineteen had KD testing completed per the manufacturer’s suggested protocol and repeated. Other baseline vision testing included visual acuity, Modified Thorington testing for alignment, convergence testing, and pupil function using the NeurOptics (NPI-200) NPi.ResultsThe mean fastest, error-minimized KD time for all participants was 43.9 seconds (s)(SD±11.6, range 24–120). Median KD time got faster (+) with age (p< 0.0001). The inter-class correlation coefficient for all scores was 0.92. The absolute mean time difference for any two tests was 3.5 s (SD±2.5, range 0–23). There was no association between the best KD time and reduced NPC (p= 0.63), Modified Thorington measure of alignment (p= 0.55), or NPi pupil function (p= 0.79). The Bland Altman repeated measure limits of agreement was±6.5 seconds for those in the 10th to12th grades, and±10.2 seconds for those in the 6th to 9th grades.ConclusionsKing-Devick score in junior high and high school athletes is variable but gets faster and more repeatable with increasing age. The KD does not correlate significantly with reduced convergence, alignment, or pupil function. Based on grouped data, a slowing of 10 seconds for younger athletes and 6 seconds for older athletes on a second administration represents a true difference in testing speed. Within-player variability should be considered when removal-from-play decisions are influenced by KD results.
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