Automatic prediction regarding the next state of a visual object: Electrophysiological indicators of prediction match and mismatch
Automatic prediction regarding the next state of a visual object: Electrophysiological indicators of prediction match and mismatch
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.013
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发表时间：
2015-11-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Takeda, Yuji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimura, Motohiro;Takeda, Yuji
表征动量等行为现象表明，大脑可以根据嵌入在先前时空背景中的顺序规则自动预测视觉对象的下一个状态。为了从预测匹配和不匹配的角度来识别自动视觉预测的电生理指标，我们记录了事件相关脑电位（ERP），同时被试被动地观看了三种类型的与任务无关的条形刺激序列：（1）古怪序列，其中包含由刺激重复定义的序列规则，提供重复规则符合性。（标准）和-违反（偏差）刺激;（2）一个重复-古怪序列，其包含由刺激变化定义的顺序规则（即，旋转），提供符合变化规则的（规则的）和违反变化规则的（不规则的）刺激;以及（3）不包含顺序规则的随机序列，提供中性（控制）刺激。该方案使我们能够预期：（1）在异常-对照和不规则-对照比较中应仅观察到反映预测-不匹配过程的ERP效应;（2）在标准-对照和规则-对照比较中应仅观察到反映预测-匹配过程的ERP效应。结果表明，符合预测失配标准的ERP效应是在170-300 ms左右的枕-颞负向偏转（视觉失配负性），而符合预测匹配标准的ERP效应是在150-270 ms左右的额叶/中央负向偏转（可能是P2的减少）。这两种对比的ERP效应支持了一种假设的观点，即自动视觉预测将涉及对预测不一致的神经反应的增加（即，新的）事件和对预测一致的神经反应的减少（即，这篇文章是题为SI：预测和注意的特刊的一部分。(C)2015爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Behavioral phenomena such as representational momentum suggest that the brain can automatically predict the next state of a visual object, based on sequential rules embedded in its preceding spatiotemporal context. To identify electrophysiological indicators of automatic visual prediction in terms of prediction match and mismatch, we recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) while participants passively viewed three types of task-irrelevant sequences of a bar stimulus: (1) an oddball sequence, which contained a sequential rule defined by stimulus repetition, providing repetition-rule-conforming (standard) and -violating (deviant) stimuli; (2) a rotating-oddball sequence, which contained a sequential rule defined by stimulus change (i.e., rotation), providing change-rule-conforming (regular) and -violating (irregular) stimuli; and (3) a random sequence, which did not contain a sequential rule, providing a neutral (control) stimulus. This protocol allowed us to expect that (1) an ERP effect that reflects a prediction-mismatch process should be exclusively observed in both the deviant-minus-control and irregular-minus-control comparisons and (2) an ERP effect that reflects a prediction-match process should be exclusively observed in both the standard-minus-control and regular-minus-control comparisons. The results showed that the ERP effect that met the criterion for prediction mismatch was an occipito-temporal negative deflection at around 170-300 ms (visual mismatch negativity), while the ERP effect that met the criterion for prediction match was a frontal/central negative deflection at around 150-270 ms (probably, the reduction of P2). These two contrasting ERP effects support a hypothetical view that automatic visual prediction would involve both an increase in the neural response to predictionin-congruent (i.e., novel) events and a decrease in the neural response to prediction-congruent (i.e., redundant) events.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Prediction and Attention. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.