A Hybrid Approach to Formal Verification of Higher-Order Masked Arithmetic Programs

A Hybrid Approach to Formal Verification of Higher-Order Masked Arithmetic Programs
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高阶掩码算术程序形式化验证的混合方法

DOI:
10.1145/3428015
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发表时间:
2020-06
期刊:
ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Taolue Chen
Taolue Chen
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pengfei Gao;Hongyi Xie;Fu Song;Taolue Chen

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边信道攻击是一种利用边信道信息来破坏密码保密性的攻击,它对密码算法的实现构成了越来越大的威胁。屏蔽是一种有效的对抗侧信道攻击的方法,它通过随机化来消除保密性和功耗之间的统计依赖关系。然而,设计高效和有效的掩码实现是一项容易出错的任务。当前用于验证屏蔽程序是否安全的技术在适用性和准确性方面受到限制,尤其是在应用时。为了弥合这一差距,在这篇文章中,我们首先提出了一个健全的类型系统,配备了一个有效的类型推理算法,用于验证屏蔽算术程序对高阶攻击。然后,我们给出了新的基于模型计数和基于模式匹配的方法,这些方法能够精确地确定类型系统检测到的潜在泄漏可观测集是真实的还是虚假的。我们评估我们的方法在各种实现的算术密码程序。实验证实,我们的方法优于国家的最先进的基线方面的适用性,准确性和效率。
Side-channel attacks, which are capable of breaking secrecy via side-channel information, pose a growing threat to the implementation of cryptographic algorithms. Masking is an effective countermeasure against side-channel attacks by removing the statistical dependence between secrecy and power consumption via randomization. However, designing efficient and effective masked implementations turns out to be an error-prone task. Current techniques for verifying whether masked programs are secure are limited in their applicability and accuracy, especially when they are applied. To bridge this gap, in this article, we first propose a sound type system, equipped with an efficient type inference algorithm, for verifying masked arithmetic programs against higher-order attacks. We then give novel model-counting-based and pattern-matching-based methods that are able to precisely determine whether the potential leaky observable sets detected by the type system are genuine or simply spurious. We evaluate our approach on various implementations of arithmetic cryptographic programs. The experiments confirm that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines in terms of applicability, accuracy, and efficiency.
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