How predation shaped fish: the impact of fin spines on body form evolution across teleosts
How predation shaped fish: the impact of fin spines on body form evolution across teleosts
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.1428
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Samantha A Price;S. T. Friedman;Peter C. Wainwright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Samantha A Price;S. T. Friedman;Peter C. Wainwright
众所周知，捕食者会导致一些鱼的形态发生变化：暴露在捕食线索下的个体增加了身体深度和脊椎的长度。我们假设，这些结构可能是协同进化的，因为这些特征将进一步扩大鱼类的身体尺寸，这是限制张口的捕食者必须克服的。因此，我们预计，脊椎的方向将预测在捕食者存在的情况下，哪些身体尺寸会增加。利用系统发育比较方法，我们在347个硬骨鱼科的宏观进化规模上检验了这一预测，这些硬骨鱼科在鳍刺、身体深度和宽度方面表现出相当大的差异。与我们的预测一致，我们证明了垂直平面上的鳍刺(背鳍和肛鳍)与更深层次的最佳体型有关。脊椎在水平面上的谱系(胸鳍)与更宽的身体相关联。跨血统的最佳身体尺寸，没有与身体尺寸平行的脊椎，符合异速生长预期。此外，脊椎较长的血统具有更深和更宽的身体尺寸。硬骨鱼的鳍刺和身体尺寸之间的这种进化关系揭示了这两个特征之间的功能协同作用，以及捕食对身体形状进化动力学的潜在宏观进化特征。
It is well known that predators can induce morphological changes in some fish: individuals exposed to predation cues increase body depth and the length of spines. We hypothesize that these structures may evolve synergistically, as together, these traits will further enlarge the body dimensions of the fish that gape-limited predators must overcome. We therefore expect that the orientation of the spines will predict which body dimension increases in the presence of predators. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we tested this prediction on the macroevolutionary scale across 347 teleost families, which display considerable variation in fin spines, body depth and width. Consistent with our predictions, we demonstrate that fin spines on the vertical plane (dorsal and anal fins) are associated with a deeper-bodied optimum. Lineages with spines on the horizontal plane (pectoral fins) are associated with a wider-bodied optimum. Optimal body dimensions across lineages without spines paralleling the body dimension match the allometric expectation. Additionally, lineages with longer spines have deeper and wider body dimensions. This evolutionary relationship between fin spines and body dimensions across teleosts reveals functional synergy between these two traits and a potential macroevolutionary signature of predation on the evolutionary dynamics of body shape.