HIV Drug Resistance: Problems and Perspectives.
HIV Drug Resistance: Problems and Perspectives.
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DOI：
10.4081/idr.2013.s1.e5
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发表时间：
2013-06-06
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Pennings PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pennings PS
近年来，获得抗逆转录病毒综合治疗的情况有了很大改善。截至2011年底，低收入和中等收入国家有800多万艾滋病毒感染者接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。ART通常在抑制病毒和保持患者健康方面效果良好。然而，治疗只有在病毒对所用药物不产生耐药性的情况下才有效。在过去的几十年里，艾滋病毒治疗在减缓耐药性的演变方面变得越来越好，因此一些患者接受治疗多年而没有任何耐药性问题。然而，对于一些患者，特别是低收入国家的患者，耐药性仍然严重威胁着他们的健康。本文将回顾已知的传播和获得性耐药，多类耐药，耐新药物，耐药由于治疗预防母婴传播，少数变异（低频耐药突变）的作用，和由于暴露前预防的耐药。
Access to combination antiretroviral treatment (ART) has improved greatly over recent years. At the end of 2011, more than eight million HIV-infected people were receiving ART in low-income and middle-income countries. ART generally works well in keeping the virus suppressed and the patient healthy. However, treatment only works as long as the virus is not resistant against the drugs used. In the last decades, HIV treatments have become better and better at slowing down the evolution of drug resistance, so that some patients are treated for many years without having any resistance problems. However, for some patients, especially in low-income countries, drug resistance is still a serious threat to their health. This essay will review what is known about transmitted and acquired drug resistance, multi-class drug resistance, resistance to newer drugs, resistance due to treatment for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, the role of minority variants (low-frequency drug-resistance mutations), and resistance due to pre-exposure prophylaxis.