The cosmic microwave background Cold Spot anomaly: the impact of sky masking and the expected contribution from the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect

The cosmic microwave background Cold Spot anomaly: the impact of sky masking and the expected contribution from the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect
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宇宙微波背景冷斑异常:天空掩蔽的影响和综合萨克斯-沃尔夫效应的预期贡献

DOI:
10.1093/mnrasl/slx140
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发表时间:
2017
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Letters
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通讯作者:
Naidoo K
Naidoo K
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作者:
Naidoo K

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我们重新分析了宇宙微波背景(CMB)冷斑(CS)异常,特别关注于理解掩模(被银河系和点源污染)可能引入的偏差。我们测量了最冷点,这是通过应用球形墨西哥帽小波变换在10万张切天(蒙面)和全天CMB模拟地图上发现的。CS本身几乎没有受到口罩的影响;我们估计CS是全天最低温度的概率为94%。然而,全天最小值的48%(掩模的掩模部分)被掩模遮挡。由于观测到的最小值比最小值的全天集合稍微热一些,因此在小波角尺度为r = 5°的情况下,切天分析会发现CS在~ 2.2σ处是显著的。然而,与全天最小值相比,所有r的CS显著性仅为~ 1.9σ和<2σ。由于视线内的综合Sachs-Wolfe效应,最后散射表面的CS可能更热。然而,我们的模拟表明,这平均仅为CS温度分布的10%(约10 μK,但与零一致)。这与Lambda和基于观察到的视距空洞的冷暗物质重建效应是一致的。
We re-analyse the cosmic microwave background (CMB) Cold Spot (CS) anomaly with particular focus on understanding the bias a mask (contaminated by Galactic and point sources) may introduce. We measure the coldest spot, found by applying the Spherical Mexican Hat Wavelet transform on 100 000 cut-sky (masked) and full-sky CMB simulated maps. The CS itself is barely affected by the mask; we estimate a 94 per cent probability that the CS is the full-sky temperature minimum. However, ∼48 per cent (masked fraction of the mask) of full-sky minima are obscured by the mask. Since the observed minima are slightly hotter than the full-sky ensemble of minima, a cut-sky analysis would have found the CS to be significant at ∼2.2σ with a wavelet angular scale ofR= 5°. None the less, comparisons to full-sky minima show the CS significance to be only ∼1.9σ and <2σ for all R. The CS on the last scattering surface may be hotter due to the integrated Sachs–Wolfe effect in the line of sight. However, our simulations show that this is on average only ∼10 per cent (about 10 μK but consistent with zero) of the CS temperature profile. This is consistent with Lambda and cold dark matter reconstructions of this effect based on observed line-of-sight voids.
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