Rounding of Arrival and Departure Times in Travel Surveys: An Interpretation in Terms of Scheduled Activities
Rounding of Arrival and Departure Times in Travel Surveys: An Interpretation in Terms of Scheduled Activities
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旅行调查中到达和出发时间的四舍五入：对预定活动的解释
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发表时间：
2001
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Rietveld
中科院分区：
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作者：
P. Rietveld
在旅行调查中，大多数受访者将出发和到达时间四舍五入为5分钟、15分钟和30分钟的倍数：在荷兰年度旅行调查中，所有报告的时间中约有85%-95%是“四舍五入”时间。我们估计出发和到达时间的舍入模型。该模型允许人们计算报告的到达时间m（假设m=9：15 am）意味着实际到达时间等于n（假设m=9：21 am）的概率。出发时间似乎比到达时间更频繁地四舍五入。对这一结果的解释是通过区分计划内活动和非计划内活动，并通过处理过渡性活动的作用。我们认为，明确解决四舍五入的到达和离开时间将至少有三个积极的影响。1.这导致更好地处理所报旅行时间的差异。2.它使人们能够避免在根据旅行调查计算平均运输时间时出现偏差。3.它克服了使用旅行调查数据每分钟记录交通人数发展的问题，显示出不稳定的模式。
In travel surveys most respondents apply rounding of departure andarrival times to multiples of 5, 15 and 30 minutes: in the annual Dutch travel survey about 85-95 percent of all reported times are 'round' ones. We estimate rounding models for departure and arrival times. The model allows one to compute the probability that a reported arrival time m (say m=9: 15 am) means that the actual arrival time equals n (say m=9:21 am). Departure times appear to be rounded much more frequently than arrival times. An interpretation for this result is offered by distinguishing between scheduled and non-scheduled activities, and by addressing the role of transitory activities. We argue that explicitly addressing rounding of arrival and departure times will have at least three positive effects. 1. It leads to a considerably better treatment of variances of reported travel times. 2. It enables one to avoid biases in the computation of average transport times based on travel surveys. 3. It overcomes the problem that the use of travel survey data for the minute-per-minute records of the development of the number of persons in traffic displays erratic patterns.